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CATALOGUE OF COINS

OF THE

UNITED STATES

PREPARED UNDER DIRECTION OF
THE BUREAU OF THE MINT

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United States Cover
Designated I-'T' Si v
Library ol Washington Unwept,

St, Louis, Mo*

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON
1928

Treasury Department
Document No. 2612, supplement
Director of the Mint

INTRODUCTION

The scarcity of money in the colonies of North America, except the
Spanish settlements in the Southwest, was a cause of constant distress,
for not only was the incipient foreign commerce of the colonies greatly
hampered thereby, but, what was even more annoying, the domestic
trade was carried on with the greatest difficulty for the want of money,
especially coins of small denominations. This made itself felt imme-
diately on the advent of prosperous conditions in the colonies early in
the seventeenth century, and at no period for the ensuing two centuries
was there any relief from the embarrassing question. In their endeavors
to solve the problems of a standard of values and circulating medium the
colonists resorted to nearly every means which had been known to
primitive man prior to the invention of the coin. Among these make-
shifts, barter must have been the most common method of disposing of
and procuring goods. The use of staple products as a means of express-
ing values and also as money in ordinary business transactions soon
became of necessity a general practice throughout the colonies.

The product most extensively employed in the place of coined money
was the tobacco of the southern colonies, especially of Virginia. For
several years nearly all of the business of that colony, both domestic and
foreign, was carried on by means of tobacco, until the enormous produc-
tion of the plant made restriction on its use as money necessary. Powder
and bullets were also used as money throughout the colonies, in some
of which the legal tender of bullets in payments was limited to a small
number. In Massachusetts, and among the New England colonies
generally, grain, fish, and furs were in common use as means of exchange;
and not only in the settlement of private debts but they were receivable
for taxes as well. An order of the General Court of Massachusetts in
1642 (Mass. Records, II, 22) prescribes the valuation per bushel at
which wheat, rye, barley, and corn should be received “for the pay-
ment of the rate, and then adds, in these at these prices, or in beaver
money, or wampam pay is to bee made.” The use of furs, especially
beaver skins, as money obtained throughout the colonial period. And
wampum, which served the Indians in nearly all their business trans-
actions, was early recognized in New England and valuations placed
upon it from time to time by the General Court. Thus in 1636 an order
of the court fixed the value of wampum, without mention of color, at
six to the penny; in-1642 four white pieces, or two blue ones, were fixed
as the value of the penny. Evidently this apparently trifling wampum
afforded the colonists an excellent substitute for small change, inasmuch
as there was always ready acceptance of it among the Indians in ex-
change for articles of substantial value.

1

2

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

With the view of relieving to some extent the money stringency of the
colony, Massachusetts in 1651 projected a mint for the coinage of silver.
Preliminary arrangements were speedily made, and in the following year
the mint was opened at Boston and began operations by striking the
almost plain “New England Shilling,” the Sixpence and Threepence.
The standard of fineness of the new coin was the same as the correspond-
ing English coin. It is very improbable that there was any intention to
continue long such a simple form of coin as this piece is, being in fact
but little more than a plain disk. For it must have been apparent at
once that the coins could be easily clipped and also fraudulently
“washed” until their weight and value were seriously reduced. It is
very likely that the exceedingly simple form of the first issue was the
result of great haste to get the mint into operation, and that the prepara-
tion of other and more suitable dies was begun at once on the opening
of the mint, and that they were put into use as soon as completed. At
any rate, in the same year of 1652, the series with a tree on the obverse
and on the reverse NEW ENGLAND A NO. with the date and value
within a beaded circle, was begun.

This first colonial mint was established without authority from the
Crown. The General Court of Massachusetts, which authorized it,
evidently proceeded with the expectation that the pressure of necessity
would outweigh in the minds of the royal ministers considerations of the
infringement of the royal prerogative of coining the money. And in
fact the operations of the mint went on unnoticed, or at least undis-
turbed, for several years, an apparent connivance due perhaps to the
troubles Cromwell and Charles II were having at home. And while
no wrell-founded and serious objections to the Boston mint wrere ever
brought forth, yet when a grievance against the colony wras desired this
usurpation of one of the prerogatives of the Crown was ready at hand,
and in 1683, after an existence of thirty-one years, the mint was closed,
but rather “upon mere prudential considerations” than for political
reasons. Efforts wrere made to have the mint reopened, the ground of
the petition being the benefit the coinage had been to the colony, but
they were ineffectual. It is doubtful whether the mint could have
continued in successful operation much longer than it did, even if it
had not been disturbed, for the Spanish silver wrhich before had reached
Boston through West Indian commerce and West Indian pirates was
rapidly being diverted to the better markets in Europe, thereby cutting
off the chief supply of bullion. At any rate all requests to reopen the
mint wrere refused by the Crown, which thus contracted the responsi-
bility that in time would almost certainly have been property credited
to economic causes.

In 1658 Lord Baltimore projected a plan to issue coins for Maryland,
and a beginning of a coinage was made in England, specimens of which
reached America that year. The series embraced a Shilling, Sixpence,
Fourpence, and a small copper coin called Denarium. They have for
obverse type a rather refined portrait of Lord Baltimore, the proprietary
lord of Maryland ( Dominus Terrae-Mariae ), and on the reverse his
family arms for the silver coins, a ducal coronet on the copper piece.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 3

The low weight of 6G grains for the Shilling, with the Sixpence and Groat
in the same proportion, suggests that the project, while perhaps intended
to supply the great want of money in Maryland, was planned with a
view of benefiting Baltimore himself. But he had hardly got his plans
under way when his activities were suppressed by the Government.

Following these unsuccessful efforts to establish special coinages for
the American colonies, in order to provide a substitute for barter and
the variety of commodity moneys before in use, Spanish-American
silver was legalized at prescribed rates in terms of the Shilling, and this,
together with copper tokens struck chiefly by speculators, formed the
currency of the colonies until after they became independent. In the
class of speculators was one William Wood, who received a roval grant
to make copper tokens for Ireland and America. Under the terms of
this grant, Wood produced the copper pieces known from their reverse
type as the “Rosa Americana.” But the Irish people objected to the
tokens floated among them, and the prospects of enormous profits
which Wood was certain to secure at the expense of the Irish and
Americans prompted the Government to induce Wood to surrender his
grant in lieu of a pension of three thousand pounds a year. This is but
one of a large number of speculative ventures in making copper tokens
for circulation in America, though the others lacked authority; but to
discuss them here would require going far beyond the plan of this
brief sketch.

NATIONAL AND STATE COINAGE PRIOR TO THE ADOPTION

OF THE CONSTITUTION

After the American colonies had achieved independence the provision
of a coinage became their own sovereign right. The problem was
promptly attacked by both the National Congress and by some of the
States, the latter of whieh, if not laying claim to the right of coining
money during the period of their loose confederation prior to the
adoption of the Constitution and the formation of the Union, at least
considered it their duty to relieve their citizens of the pressing necessity
of an ampler supply of small coin, and likewise to eliminate from circu-
lation the vast amount of light-weight and spurious coppers then com-
monly current.

On April 21, 1787, a congressional committee made a report in favor
of the coinage of copper, and accordingly a contract was entered into
with a Mr. James Jarvis to coin for the National Treasury three hundred
tons of copper, the contractor agreeing to coin an additional forty-five
tons and deliver the coins therefrom to the Treasury for the privilege
of coining. Before this contract was carried out there arose a difference
of opinion in Congress regarding the wisdom of parts of it; but there is
no record of how the difficulty was finally adjusted, and it seems prob-
able that Jarvis insisted on having the terms adhered to and struck the
coins.

The devices for this the first coin struck by authority of Congress
were prescribed by a committee of that body in the following terms:
“* * * On one side of which piece * * * thirteen circles Jinked

4 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

together, a smali circle in the middle, with the words United States
around it; and in the center 'We Are One;’ on the other side of the
same piece the foJlowing device, viz, a dial with the hours expressed on
the face of it; a meridian sun above, on one side of which is to be the
word ‘Fugio’ and on the other the year ‘1787;’ below the dial, the
words 'Mind Your Business.’” The types of this piece are very
similar to those of the dollar pattern of the proposed continental cur-
rency which bears date of 1776, and which were probably designed by
an artist who on the earlier piece placed the signature E G FECIT.
The types are interesting as a commentary on the state of mind of the
times. The political hope, for it could be only a hope still at that time,
of an inseparable union expressed in the obverse type was probably not
less prevalent than the caution so graphically set forth by the other
that "Time is Flying,” so "Mind Your Business” affairs. This terse
expression of practical sense, because so much in the spirit of Poor
Richard, has won for the coin the name of "Franklin Cent,” but
Franklin probably had nothing to do with the designing of it.

The coins of the Federal Congress were struck chiefly in New York,
but the simplicity of the mint requirements of the time enabled the
contractor to sublet portions of the contract if he so desired, and the
fact that some of these coppers were also struck at New Haven, Con-
necticut, at Rupert, Vermont, and at other places suggests that the
contract was actually farmed out.

Besides the Congress, Vermont, Connecticut, New Jersey, and
Massachusetts likewise proceeded to coin copper. The first of these to
start the movement was Vermont, a Commonwealth that had not
formed one of the original thirteen colonies which revolted, nor was
Vermont at this time a State, not having been admitted into the
Union until 1791.

In 1785, by authority of the assembly, a contract was let to Reuben
Harmon to coin copper for a term which was first fixed at two years,
but finally extended to eight, during three years of which' all profits
from the coinage were to go to Harmon to indemnify him for his outlay
in providing a mint and as profits on his operations, while for the
remaining five years of the life of the contract he was to pay to the
Commonwealth two and one-half per cent of the amount coined.

Two types of coins were struck by Harmon under this contract, or
rather the two contracts. The first type, with a green mountain and
the sun rising behind it, possessed a local character. But when the
act was passed to extend the contract from two to eight years other
devices were prescribed and the coppers thereafter issued bore no
slight likeness to the English Penny and Halfpenny, for the laureated
bust in cuirass is plainly an imitation of the bust of one of the Georges
and the figure which was to be taken as emblematic of Liberty is only
Britannia with a different sentiment expressed by the inscription
INDE. ET : LIB Independence and Liberty.

In the same year, 1785, in which Vermont started to make arrange-
ments for a coinage of copper Connecticut also passed an act providing
for a contract to coin ten thousand pounds of that metal, the contrac-

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 5

tors to pay over to the State five per cent of the total amount coined.
The coins of Connecticut, like those of Vermont, closely resemble the
English Halfpenny; the choice of inscriptions similar to those on the
Vermont coins gave marked uniformity to the copper coins of these
Commonwealths; but such similarity was hardly the object in view, as
in only a very slight measure could the coppers of one of those States
be expected to circulate in the other. Both the Commonwealths
doubtless found it convenient to employ types already familiar to the
people, hence the rude imitation of the English Halfpenny. Both
States, however, avoided an open declaration of any intention to imitate
the current English copper by a naive wording of the laws. Vermont’s
law prescribed “on one side a head,” * * * “on the reverse, a
woman,” with the appropriate inscriptions; and the Connecticut law
reads “a man’s head on the one side,” * * * “and on the other
side the emblem of liberty.”

The act of Assembly that provided for the coinage of copper in New
Jersey was passed June 4, 1787, and, in response to their petitions, author-
ized a contract with a Mr. Walter Mould and his partners, Thomas
Goadsby and Albion Cox, for the coinage of ten thousand pounds of cop-
per. But a disagreement arising between Mr. Mould and his partners,
at their request the contract was accommodatingly divided up and one-
third let to Mould, the remaining two-thirds to Goadsby and Cox.
The original law required that these coins should be of the weight of
six pennyweight and six grains and of pure copper, and that they should
be struck in the State of New Jersey. Accordingly Mr. Mould estab-
lished his private mint at Morristown, while Goadsby and Cox coined
at Elizabethtown.

The devices of the New Jersey copper Cent are for the obverse a
horse’s head above a plow', beneath the plow the date of coinage, and
the name of the State in its Latin form, NOVA CAESAREA. On the
reverse is a heart-shaped shield of the United States, with the well-
known tinctures and the national motto E. PLURIBUS UNUM.
The obverse type has reference simply to the agricultural character of
the State, while the shield and motto on the reverse may very reason-
ably be interpreted as a direc.t recognition of the General Government.
The Great Seal of the United States, in w'hich this shield occurs, w'as
adopted in 1782, five years before New Jersey struck the coins. On the
reverse of the coins struck by Massachusetts, mentioned below, there
is a spread-eagle with arrows and an olive branch in the claw's, a device
probably also taken from the Great Seal. This use by some of the
individual States of emblems already recognized as possessing a national
character is of importance as indicating to wrhat degree they regarded
the coinage of money as a sovereign right and how' far they looked upon
their actual proceedings as merely measures of necessity, for if the
coinage of money had been asserted as a sovereign right, then a national
emblem would hardly have been employed for a coin device, for to do
so meant to recognize the national authority in matters pertaining
to coinage.

6

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

The brief history of coinage in Massachusetts in the period now under
consideration differs materially in certain important particulars from
that of the other States mentioned. Chief among these is the fact that
Massachusetts established a mint instead of contracting with a private
firm for the manufacture of coins. Furthermore, Massachusetts
proposed a much more extensive coinage than any of the other States,
aiming to strike the precious metals as well as copper. Of course the
advent of the Tnion and the constitutional provision for an exclusively
national coinage speedily ended all the State had begun and planned to
do. The reverse type of the copper cent of this State has already been
mentioned. The Indian with bow and arrow and the inscription
COMMON + WEALTH, with the single star form the obverse type.
The indication of the value on both the Cent and Half-cent is a further
peculiarity not found on the coins of the other States.

During the period between the beginning of the War of Revolution
and the establishment of a mint in 1792 there was a great interest
taken in the types of the expected coins of the country, and a large
number of patterns were privately made. Some of these suggestions
date as far back as 1776. But the chief interest, apart from certain
very rare pieces, attaches to the large number of patterns and tokens
(it is not easy to determine which in many cases) that bear the effigy
of Washington. Many of these pieces were doubtless produced by
speculators and floated wherever there was a pressing want of small
coins, but on the other hand some specimens undoubtedly were meant
to embody the idea urgently advanced by many citizens that the portrait
of the President should appear on the coins of the country, or at least
on some of the denominations. Of course but one response to such a
proposal could be expected from Washington and that was a decided
negative. .

Of coins of this period, two gold pieces deserve mention, and not
alone because they are very rare specimens and command enormous
prices in the market. One of these is an English Guinea dated 1775
and impressed with the dies with which were struck the copper token
known from the inscription on the obverse as the Immune Columbia.
It is a unique specimen and is probably also an example of a rare practice
that of restriking foreign coins in the precious metals. The other and
more interesting example is a large gold piece known as a Doubloon,
which was produced by Ephraim Brasher, a New York jeweler and
goldsmith. Brasher’s activity was not limited to the production of these
large gold pieces, but apparently he served his community in a more
effectual manner in regard to its currency by countermarking with his
initials (E. B.) some of the foreign gold and silver which passed through
his hands and the genuineness of which he had the expert knowledge
to determine. How extensive this latter practice was can not now be
determined, but such a service, if sufficiently extended, must have been
of great value to a community that was constantly swindled with bogus
coin of every description, for the utterance of bogus money was at that
time greatly facilitated by the general use of foreign coins throughout
the country.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 7

The foreign coins whose currency was most frequently legalized by
act of Congress were British and Portuguese, |the latter generally mean-
ing Brazilian, gold, and Spanish, or Mexican, silver. In the early history
of the country the Spanish “Pillar Dollar,” later and at the time
under consideration the Spanish “ Milled Dollar,” also known as “Piece
of Eight,” was the very generally recognized monetary unit. The
paper currency issued by the Congress of the united colonies during
the War of Revolution was made redeemable in “Spanish Milled Dol-
lars or the Value thereof in Gold and Silver; ” and in contracts of nearly
every description payment is frequently stipulated in the same coin.
In the retail trade of the country the Spanish, afterward the Mexican,
Real and Half Real were in common use until the middle of the nine-
teenth century. Shilling or Mexican Shilling was the term generally
applied to the Real, which was one-eighth of the Peso and approxi-
mately 12}^ cents. But in certain of the Middle States, especially
Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and in much of the South the Real was
known as the Levy and the Half Real as the Fippenny or Fippenny Bit,
terms which are corruptions of eleven and five penny and presumably
point to a local valuation placed upon the coins. The act of Congress
which stopped the circulation of foreign coins in the country stipulated
that the Half Real should be received by the Government agencies at a
valuation of five cents, the bullion value of it. In the western part of
the country the Real was popularly known as a Bit — a term which yet
survives as a popular money of account, the terms Two Bits, Four Bits,
and Six Bits being employed to express the values, twenty-five, fifty,
and seventy-five cents. The influence of the Mexican Real Bit, which
had a value of approximately 123^ cents, is probably seen in the appli-
cation, in parts of the West, of the term Short Bit to the slightly smaller
Dime.

By the law of 1857 all previous acts authorizing the currency of
foreign coins in the United States were repealed.

THE NATIONAL COINAGE

The Mint of the United States was established at Philadelphia by
resolution of Congress dated April 6, 1792, and the first coins were
struck at the neAV mint in March of the following year. Subsequently
several mints were established in different parts of the country, as will
be seen from the list of them at the close of this sketch.

HISTORY

In a brief sketch it is manifestly impossible to discuss adequately
the related subjects which have had a marked influence upon our
coinage. The state of the fine arts, the course of its foreign coxnmerce
and chiefly its financial history determine the coinage of any country,
especially of a new nation. It will be sufficient here to note how our
coinage varied in character and volume under laws which the Congress
enacted during over a century of heated discussion.

8 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

Preliminary to the first legislation to establish a mint and monetary
system two important documents were submitted to Congress, the one
by Robert Morris, possibly written by his assistant, Gouverneur Morris,
and later a masterly report by Mr. Hamilton, as Secretary of State in
Washington’s administration, treating of all the subjects connected
with the proposed legislation.

The Morris report, made in 1782, proposed to abolish the English
system of pounds, shillings, and pence then prevailing in the several
States, and instead establish a coinage on the decimal system with a
unit that would agree without a fraction with all the numerous val-
uations of the Spanish milled dollar in the different States. This small
unit would be of that dollar. Mr. Jefferson, as a member of the
committee to which the report was referred, in a searching review of
its proposals, indorsed some of the important features, but rejected
the proposed unit as too small and inconvenient. He proposed instead
that the unit be a dollar of approximately the value of the Spanish
milled dollar then generally used in the country, both because it was
well known and of convenient size and value.

The document submitted to Congress by Secretary Hamilton on
January 21, 1791, treated the subject in all its phases, accepted Mr.
Jefferson’s notion of the dollar as a unit, and urged the coinage of both
gold and silver with the relative value of 15 pounds of silver to 1 of
gold.

The act of April 6, 1792 — Mint establishment created. — This law,
which established the monetary system of the country and a mint,
provided for the free coinage of both gold and silver, fixed the legal
ratio of the values of the two metals at 15 to 1, as Mr. Hamilton had
urged, and provided for a token coinage in copper. The first coinage
of the mint consisted of an issue of copper Cents and Half -cents in 1793,
followed in 1794 by the issue of the silver dollar and half-dollars, and
in 1795 gold Eagles and Half-eagles. The first issue of the gold Eagle
and silver dollar were of the following composition:

Item

Pure gold

Alloy

Standard

weight

Milesimal

fineness

Gold eagle .

Grains

247.5

Grains

22. 5

Grains

270

Grains
916. 7

The other gold coins in proportion.

Item

Pure silver

Alloy

Standard

weight

Milesimal

fineness

Silver dollar.

Grains
371. 25

Grains

44.75

Grains

416

Grains

S93

The other silver coins in proportion.

It soon became evident that the gold coins and the silver dollar were
not going into circulation, and investigation proved that they were

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 9

being either exported or reduced to bullion; for speculators discovered
that the gold coins had been undervalued and the fine gold in an Eagle
was worth more than 10 silver dollars; while the new silver dollars
could be readily had in exchange for worn Spanish dollars of reduced
weight and value, a fact which insured the exports of silver to be made
in the new full-weight pieces. Therefore the coinage of the Eagle and
Silver Dollar was suspended in 1803 and 1804, respectively. At any
rate it appears that President Jefferson must have stopped the coinage
of the Gold Eagle in 1804, and his order, still preserved, of May, 1806,
gave formal sanction to the suspension of the coinage of the dollar
which had really been discontinued in 1803.

Act of 1834 — Weight of gold coins reduced. — This law of 1834 deals
directly only with gold coins, its purpose being, of course, to correct
their valuation. The fine gold in the Eagle was reduced from 247.5
to 232 grains and the full standard weight (including the alloy) was
fixed at 258 grains.

The increased coinage of gold the new law was expected to insure
was confined for several years to the Half-eagle and Quarter-eagle, the
two coins least liable to exportation. In fact the coinage of the Half-
eagle had been interrupted for only the years 1816-17 since its first
appearance, though in certain years but few were struck.

The extreme scarcity of the Half-eagle bearing certain early dates
can hardly be urged as an argument against the recorded amount of
the coinage; for when the weight of the gold coins was reduced the
older and heavier pieces were of course melted down. But following
the passage of the law of June 28, 1834, the coinage of the Half-eagle
rose to over three and a half million dollars, and of the Quarter-eagle
from $10,400 in 1833 to over a quarter million the latter half of 1834.
Not until 1842 did the annual coinage of the Eagle pass the million-
dollar mark.

Preparations to resume the coinage of the Silver Dollar were begun
soon after the enactment of the law of 1834. New patterns were struck
in 1836, but there was no issue of this denomination until 1839; and
the coinage of the Silver Dollar was insignificant until after the enact-
ment of certain laws in the seventies.

Law of 1837 — Change of weights and alloys. — One result of the changes
effected by the law of 1834 was to modify the composition of standard
gold by increasing the percentage of alloy from 8% to approximately
10T$^. This was so near a standard of 90 per cent fine gold, 10 per
cent alloy, percentages that would be far more convenient for commerce,
that a law of this year prescribed that 2 grains of fine gold be added
to the Eagle, the standard weight remaining the same, and that the
weight of the Silver Dollar be reduced to 412^ grains, while the amount
of fine silver remain unchanged. The result of these slight changes
in the coins was to introduce a uniform standard of 900 thousandths
fine for the coins of both metals. The silver coinage of 1792-1837
was 893 thousandths fine.

Law of 1853 — Fractional silver coins made subsidiary . — The operations
of the mint for a few years following the act of 1834 are of special

10 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

interest. The coinage of gold rose from an inconsiderable amount
prior to 1834 to nearly $60,000,000 in 1852; the coinage of silver in-
creased until 1842 when about $3,600,000 in Half and Quarter Dollars
were coined, but dropped below $175,000 in 1852. The law of 1834
had placed too low a valuation on silver, and the result was that the
silver coins were bought up and sold as bullion at a profit and 'gold
sent to the mints for coinage. And Since the issues of the Silver Dollars
were small, speculators dealt in the fractional coins. The Half-dollar,
Quarter-dollar, and even smaller silver coins became scarce and domes-
tic trade was hampered. To remedy this evil the law of 1853 reduced
the weight of the Half-dollar from 20634 to 192 grains of standard
silver and of the other silver coins in proportion; they were thus made
subsidiary. The free coinage of these fractional silver pieces was by
the same law prohibited. The bullion for such coinage was thereafter
bought by the Secretary of the Treasury for the account of the Gov-
ernment. The coinage of fractional silver in 1853 totaled nearlv
$10,000,000.

Act of 1857 — Circulation of foreigji coins prohibited. — In 1793 the
circulation of foreign coins, chiefly, in fact, Spanish-American silver,
had been legalized as a measure of necessity to supply the country
with legal tender money for the domestic retail trade. Various causes
had restricted the volume of the national silver coinage and not until
1857 did conditions warrant the repeal of that law so as to eliminate
the large volume of foreign coins from the currency of the country.
So, after the fractional silver coins had been made subsidiary and their
circulation apparently assured, and perhaps to assure that result, the
law making all foreign coins a legal tender was repealed. The Secre-
tary of the Treasury prescribed the valuation at which the “Levy”
and the “Bit” for these small Mexican Real and Medio real pieces
were the chief foreign coins then in use, should be received in exchange
and they soon disappeared.

Acts of 1864, 1865, and 1866 — Additional minor coins. — On account
of the high premium to which silver rose in the early years of the Civil
War coins of that metal, including the smallest denominations, went
out of circulation and retail trade was greatly embarrassed. The final
disappearance of the fractional silver pieces came about in 1862. The
coinage of silver in 1862 was less than half what it had been in 1861,
and in subsequent years there was further decrease. In the following
year of 1863 thousands of merchants throughout the country resorted
to the use of private tokens, of the value of 1 cent, to relieve the strin-
gency of small change. Enormous quantities of these “Civil War
Tokens” still exist, interesting evidence of the financial distress of the *
times. But the private issue of these One-cent tokens was immediatelv
checked by the issue of fractional paper currency which first appeared
in 1863. In this period of great scarcity of small coins required for
change three denominations of minor coins were added to the series;
these were the bronze Two cents (1864), nickel Three cents (1S65),
and the nickel Five cents (1866).

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 1 1

Act of 1873 — New coins — Metric weight legalized. — The monetary
legislation of this year amounted to a complete revision of the laws
governing the coinage, but largely it legalized what had already come
into practice of necessity. The act is most noted for its omissions.

Bearing most directly upon the phase of the subject of importance
here four denominations were discontinued, the silver Twenty cents,
Half-dime and Three cents, and the bronze Two cents, while a Three-
dollar gold piece and a silver Trade Dollar were added to the series.
The last piece was coined in response to a petition addressed to Congress
by western trade bodies through the medium of the California Legis-
lature, by whom it was expected that this coin, because struck on the
same standard as the Mexican dollar (420 grains 0.900 fine) which
circulated freely in China and Japan, would assist their trade with
the Orient.

The act specifically provides for the continued coinage of all the
gold coins and the fractional silver pieces, but omits any mention of
the standard silver dollar. For four years following the enactment of
this law, 1874-1877, no standard silver dollars were coined, but about
35,000,000 Trade Dollars were struck. The expected results from the
Trade Dollar were not realized, and many of them went into the cir-
culation at home. In 1886 they were withdrawn from circulation and
recoined into standard dollars.

The law also contained the important provision that the Half-dollar
should weigh 12.5 grams, with the Quarter and Dime in proportion,
which required an addition of but .9 grains troy to its standard Weight.
The purpose of this paragraph of the measure was to bring the silver
coins into harmony with the coinage of the Latin Monetary Union of
Europe. As in 1853, so again in 1873, the new fractional coins of
modified standard were made readily distinguishable by means of
arrowheads beside the date.

Act of 1875 — Coinage of fractional silver to redeem, outstanding fractional
paper currency. — The resumption of specie payment provided for in
the law of 1875 had a marked influence upon the volume of the coinage;
for the amount of such small paper bills outstanding was nearly $50,-
000,000, and while about $15,000,000 of it was never presented for
redemption, being either destroyed or otherwise kept back, yet the
coinage of small silver, chiefly for that purpose, amounted to over
$45,000,000 from 1875 to 1879.

Act of 1878 — Purchase of bullion for coinage of the dollar. — The law
of this year affected the silver dollar alone. The coinage of this de-
nomination had from the first been restricted by one cause or another.
To make the bimetallic standard effective, a policy to which Congress
had formally committed the country, the Secreatry of the Treasury
was authorized to purchase not less than $2,000,000 nor more than
$4,000,000 worth of silver bullion per month, and have this bullion
coined into silver dollars as rapidly as purchased or as fast as possible.
The coinage of silver dollars in .1879 was 22,495,550, or about three
time the aggregate coinage of that denomination in the entire period

12 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

from 1794 to 1878. The whole coinage of standard silver dollars
under the act of 1878 was 37-8,166,793.

Act of July 14, 1890 — Increased purchase of silver; coinage of silver
dollar limited. — This second act, which particularly affected the coinage
of the silver dollar, authorized the Secretary of the Treasury to pur-
chase 4,500,000 ounces of silver monthly, or a half million more than
the maximum amount authorized to be purchased under the act of
1878; but instead of coining the whole amount as fast as purchased,
it directed the Secretary to coin only 2,000,000 ounces monthly into
standard silver dollars until July 1, 1891. After the latter date the
coinage of the silver dollar was to be limited to enough to redeem the
Treasury notes issued for the purchase of silver bullion.

In 1891 the coinage of the standard silver dollar rose to 38,043,004,
the greatest in its history; while in 1897 the coinage of the same piece
fell below a million.

Act of November 1, 1893 — Purchase of silver discontinued. — The
law requiring the Secretary of the Treasury to purchase 4,500,000
ounces of silver monthly was repealed by this act, but he was still
left the discretion to coin the bullion already purchased, and a law of
June 13, 1898, required that the bullion then in the Treasury should
be coined into silver dollars at the rate of $1,500,000 monthly. This
supply was finally exhausted in 1904, at which time the last standard
silver dollar was coined.

The coinage of silver dollars under the act of 1890 amounted to
$78,751,257, and the total coinage of dollars under the acts of 1878
and 1890 was $570,166,793.

Act of March 3, 1911 — Issue oj certificates against refined gold bars
authorized; coinage of gold reduced.— Prior to the enactment of this
law the vast issues of gold certificates were made only against deposits
of gold coins, and American Eagles formed a large portion of the
occasional exports of gold from this country. By authorizing the issue
of certificates against the deposit of fine gold bars the heavy expense
of coining them is saved. The amount of bullion in the reserves
against gold certificates is however limited by the act of June 12, 1916,
to two-thirds of the total amount of certificates outstanding.

Act of April 23, 1918 — Use of the silver in standard dollars, incident
to the World War of 1914-1918. — The primary purpose of this act was
to provide silver, which was no where else obtainable in the necessary
quantities, to assist foreign governments at war with the enemies of
the United States. Under this act 259,121,554 silver dollars were
melted or broken up and the resulting silver bullion sold to Great
Britain for shipment to British India, and 11,111,168 silver dollars
were converted into subsidiary silver coin; total $270,232,722. In
accordance with the provisions of the act the dollar coins were replaced
after the close of the war, the coinage having been commenced in 1921
and completed in 1928.

THE TYPES

In the act establishing the mint the devices and legends for the new
coins were prescribed as follows: “Upon one side of each of the said

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 13

coins there shall be an impression emblematic of liberty with an in-
scription of the word Liberty and the year of the coinage; and upon
the reverse of each of the gold and silver coins there shall be the figure
or representation of an eagle, with the inscription, ‘United States of
America,’ and upon the reverse of the copper coins there shall be an
inscription which shall express the denomination of the piece, namely,
Cent, or Half-cent, as the case may require.”

The device chosen as suitably emblematic of liberty for the first
coins issued was a bust of the Goddess of Liberty, though the law
permitted the greatest freedom in the composition of a design to express
the idea. The bust of Liberty which appeared on the Cent and Half-
cent in 1793, the only denominations struck that first year of the opera-
tion of the mint, is almost certainly a conscious imitation, if not indeed
an unskilled medallist’s copy, of the bust on the medal made by the
celebrated French artist, Dupre, to commemorate the victories of
Saratoga and Yorktown. At first the liberty pole of the medal was
omitted from the coin, but before the end of the year that detail too
was added. Between the busts on the silver coins that first appeared
in 1794 and that on the gold that followed in 1795, the former having
the hair hanging down upon the neck, and the latter wearing a Phrygian
cap, there are marked differences for each of the metals. This original
practice, which was evidently based upon a sound principle of affording
a sharp distinction between the types of the three metals, was lost
sight of in later years, as will be noted below.

On the obverse of the gold and silver of 1795 there are fifteen stars,
and later we find as many as sixteen stars, the number in each case
corresponding to the number of States to which the Union had grown.
The same practice of adding.a star for each State was also begun on
the reverse, after the Great Seal type*was placed thereon, but it was
soon found to be inconvenient because of the large number of stars
that would soon be required, so they were limited to thirteen, the num-
ber of the original States.

The eagle which the law required for the reverse was at first a natural-
istic bird with expanded wfings, standing upon a palm branch on the
gold coins and holding aloft in his bill a laurel wreath. It is noticeable
that on none of the earliest coins does one find associated with the
national emblem any symbol relating to war or to peace or to dominion,
such as are so often found on coins and which soon became important
features of the reverse types of all United States gold and silver. In
the first year of the coinage of gold, 1795, a second reverse type was
prepared, and one which presented, with omission of slight details,
the device of the Great Seal of the United States. An interesting varia-
tion from the true form of the seal is the disposition of the very emblems
just alluded to, the arrows and branch of olive, the former on the coins
being in the right claw and the latter in the left, or just contrary to
their positions on the seal. Now in the case of the Great Seal the
position of the emblem of peace in the dexter claw and that of war in
the sinister is understood to express a preference for peace. The inter-
change of their positions on the coins can hardly be interpreted as

14 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

significant; it is more likely a case of confusing the heraldic use of
“right” and “left” with the manner of employing those terms in coin
descriptions, “left” in the latter case being the spectator’s left. If,
therefore, the engraver meant to adopt the latter use of the terms,
then he placed the arrows in the “left” claw and the olive in the “right,”
thereby correcting a blunder in the seal, as he may have supposed.
The eagle which appeared on the Half-dollar in 1807 holds the olive in
the right claw and the arrows in the left, and that was afterward
recognized as the correct position, and so they were placed with one
exception until 1907, when radical changes respecting these emblems
were introduced. That one exception was the Trade-dollar, a coin
specially intended to serve an international commerce, and thus the
coin which above all should have been free from reference to anything
but peace and commerce. The eagle on that piece holds three arrows
in the right claw.

With the Half-eagle and Half-dollar of 1807 Mr. Reich began a
tendency toward similarity of types for the different metals. The
bust of Liberty on his Half-dollar is in general very similar to the one
on his Half-eagle. On the reverse of the Half-dollar the eagle’s wings
are inverted, which makes a marked difference, but otherwise the two
representations are very similar. And from that date on, the original
principle of differentiation the types of the coins of the various metals
was lost sight of and similarity became virtually the rule. For example,
there is too strong a likeness between the bust on the Cent of 1808
and the one on the Half-eagle of 1834; and likewise when the coinage
of the Eagle was resumed in 1838, after an interruption lasting from
1804, the bust placed upon it was merely a refinement of the one on the
Cent and Half-cent. Other close resemblances among the types on
coins of different metals, whefe reason and general practice would
suggest that there should be sharp differences, might be pointed out,
but examples enough have been given to illustrate the unfortunate
tendency.

In 1840 the silver Dollar, which had not been coined since 1803,
or perhaps 1804, was restored, and Christian Gobrecht produced for it
the figure of Liberty seated to right which was on all the silver coins
until 1878. This moderately graceful figure was a refreshing innovation
and somewhat of an improvement on what had gone before. But
conservativeness prevented the adoption of the powerful flying eagle
which Mr. Gobrecht engraved for the reverse of his dollar and which
is seen in the pattern that was made in 1836. On the pattern just
referred to Mr. Gobrecht represents the bird in flight amid a cluster of
twenty-six stars of varying magnitude, the number being equal to the
number of States of the Union.

But though it was not accepted as a suitable device for the reverse
of the silver Dollar, such a representation of the eagle was regarded
favorably b}r many. Patterns for a new design of the large copper cent
were prepared in 1855 with an eagle in flight for the obverse. In 1S56
another pattern of a Cent with a flying eagle, the piece being of smaller
size, only twelve-sixteenths of an inch in diameter or five-sixteenths

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 15

smaller than the old coppers; and in the following year, 1857, this
“ I lying Eagle’’ cent was regularly issued. The new piece weighed only
72 grains, while the Cent authorized in 1792 weighed 264 grain, which
was reduced to 168 grains in 1795. The law which authorized the
Cent of reduced size also prescribed that it should consist of 88 per
cent copper and 12 per cent nickel, a composition that was so light in
color that the pieces are often called popularly the “White Cent.”
This design of the flying eagle, the choice of which was made by the
Director of the Mint with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury,
as prescribed by the law, was retained only for the years 1857 and 1858,
when it was replaced with the Indian-head Cent, the familiar type in
use until 1909.

In 1849 Congress authorized the coinage of a Double-eagle and a
gold Dollar. The preparation of dies for the new coins fell to the lot
of Mr. James B. Longacre, at the time engraver at the mint. The bust
of Liberty which Mr. Longacre modeled for the new coins is one of the
best of the entire series. Its largeness of style, strength, and beauty
contrast strongly with the weak and insipid work which until recently
was found on the gold coins of the country. The same head was
employed on both of the coins authorized that year, and with a different
headdress, a feather bonnet, on the Three-dollar piece which was added
to the gold series in 1854 it was likewise used for the nickel Three-cent
piece, and finally with a dilfereent arrangement of feathers from that
on the Three-dollar gold piece, the same head became the “Indian
head ” of the One-cent piece of 1859, which is still in common circulation.

The silver Dollar of 1878 by Mr. George T. Morgan, and the Half-
dollar, Quarter, and Dime by Mr. C. E. Barber in 1892, were the next
revision of the types of the silver coins. The return to a simple bust
instead of the full-seated figure by Mr. Gobrecht was a happy improve-
ment, or return to the early practice. For the types of the subsidiary
coins Mr. Barber restored the device of the Great Seal, with the
omission, however, of certain details, as the clouds above the eagle’s
head. The coins of both these engravers were an advance in artistic
quality over their predecessors in the series.

The latest creations for the devices of the gold coins are by two
eminent American sculptors, the late Mr. Saint-Gaudens and Mr.
Bela L. Pratt, also deceased, of Boston. They depart in many ways
from the established traditions of the coins, a fact that explains much
of the sharp criticism that has been urged against them; for of their
power and artistic beauty there can be no question. The majestic
standing figure of Liberty on the Double-eagle is a work of greatest
. beauty, while the Indian head on the Eagle, if found on a Greek coin,
would suggest to archaeologists a Scopasian influence.

It is worth noting, perhaps, that this Indian head was originally
intended for the One-cent piece. It was of course the intention at
that time to continue on the Cent the traditional Indian head. This
change of plan, due to I know not what cause has resulted in placing
an Indian head on three of the gold coins, a rather far-reaching result,
763°— 28 2

16 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

for of course the Indian chief’s head on the Half-eagle and Quarter-
eagle was but a sequence of the change of plan in regard to the design
for the One-cent piece.

In one respect the reverse type of the Double-eagle is of special
interest. Mention has already been made of the treatment of the
symbols of war and peace on the earlier coins. In the case of the new
coins, on all but the Double-eagle an olive branch lies upon a bundle
of arrows and the eagle is standing upon both. In the case of the
Double-eagle, however, these symbols have been removed from the
reverse, and on the obverse Liberty holds out in her left hand a branch
of olive, and in her right, in place of the customary arrows or any other
symbol of war, she holds firmly aloft the Torch of Progress.

The One-cent of 1909, with the splendid bust of Abraham Lincoln,
by V. D. Brenner, presents a new feature for the coins of the United
States, namely, a portrait coin in the regular series. A pattern of a
Two-cent piece with the portrait of Washington was produced in
1863, and a pattern of a Five-cent piece with a bust of Lincoln was
submitted in 1866, but neither suggestion was favorably received — in
fact, there has always been a prejudice against the use of portraits on
the coins of the country, but the sentiment aroused during the hun-
dredth anniversary of Lincoln’s birth proved stronger than the long-
standing prejudice and the coin in question was the result.

In 1913 a new type Five-cent nickel coin was issued, bearing a head
of an Indian on the obverse and a buffalo on the reverse; it was de-
signed by Mr. J. E. Fraser. The design follows the recent tendency to
provide a more artistic medium of exchange.

The 1916 revision of the designs of three denominations of silver
coins also added materially to the artistic quality of the coins. The
Half-dollar by Mr. A. A. Weinman bears on the obverse a figure of
Liberty, draped in the national emblem, walking to the left and bearing
branches of oak and olive. _The reverse bears a distinctly new and
fine treatment of the eagle, portrayed with wings raised, and grasping
a pine branch in its talons. The Quarter-dollar, designed by Mr.
Hermon Mac Neil, bears on the obverse a figure of Liberty with shield
and olive branch, advancing through a portal; on the reverse is an
eagle flying to the right. The Dime, designed by Mr. Weinman,
portrays on the obverse a bust of Liberty with winged cap, and on the
reverse a fasces entwined with an olive branch.

A new type standard silver Dollar was issued in 1921; it was designed
by Mr. Anthony de Francisci. This coin bears on the obverse a head
of Liberty to left with tiara of light rays, and on the reverse an eagle
to right standing on a mountain crag, facing a rising sun, with olive
branch in talons. This coin is known as the “Peace” dollar; it com-
memorates the peace treaty ratifications in November 1921,' incident
to the close of the World War of 1914-1918.

The mottoes. — Two legends have appeared on many of the coins of
the United States, the one from almost the beginning of the, national
coinage, the other since the Civil War. Neither, however, has had an
uninterrupted history, nor has either been employed on all the denomi-
nations of the series.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 17

The motto E Pluribus Unum was first used on the coins in 1795, when
the reverse type of the Half-eagle presented the main features of the
Great Seal, on the scroll of which the motto belongs. The same
device was a few years later extended to the other denominations in
gold and silver, so that the motto was soon found on all the coins in
the precious metals, and of course in its proper position on the scroll
held in the beak of the eagle. But when a new type of eagle was in-
troduced on the Half-dollar and Half-eagle in 1807, a scroll bearing
the motto was placed in the field above the eagle as a purely decorative
feature, for its presence was not required on the coins by law, nor wras
it an essential part of the new device as it had been of the preceding
one. And in 1834 the scroll and motto were removed from the gold
coins then issued, the Half-eagle and Quarter-eagle, and did not
reappear on those denominations until 1908, when it was restored
on the new issue. But the motto was placed on the Double-eagle
when first issued in 1849, on the scroll held by the eagle, and has
always been retained thereon. This motto was also omitted from the
silver with the obverse type of Liberty seated — that is, from 1840 to
1873, in the case of the Dollar, and from 1836, when it was removed
from the older type, until 1892, for the Half-dollar. In 1878 the motto
was placed on the Dollar again, but with even less regard for its original
relation and significance than shown by Mr. Reich in 1807, for on the
Dollar of 1878 it was removed from the reverse and from the eagle,
the emblem of the united power and authority of the States, and
placed as a principal inscription on the obverse. On the gold coins of
recent issue this motto is placed again on the reverse as a secondary
legend in the field, except on the Double-eagle, where together with the
thirteen stars it adorns and protects the edge.

The religious motto, In God We Trust , first appeared on the coins of
the country in 1864, and owes its presence there largely to the increased
religious sentiment in the dreaded crisis of the Civil War. Hon. S. P.
Chase, then Secretary of the Treasury, received a number of appeals
from devout persons throughout the country suggesting and urging
that the Deity be recognized suitably on our coins in a manner similar
to that commonly found on the coins of other nations. Accordingly,
on November 30, 1861, Secretary Chase addressed a letter to the Direc-
tor of the Mint at Philadelphia, and with the statement of his reason
that “no nation can be strong except in the strength of God, or safe
except in His defense. The trust of our people in God should be
declared on our national coins,” ordered, “You will cause a device to
be prepared without unnecessary delay with a motto expressing in the
fewest words possible this national recognition.” Several forms of
motto expressing the intention were suggested. Patterns for the
Half-dollar and Half-eagle prepared in 1862 have “GW our Trust,”
and a pattern for a bronze Two-cent piece made in 1863 has the bust
of Washington on the obverse and the legend “God and Our Country
but the familiar form of the motto was finally decided upon, and it
first appeared on a new Two-cent piece in 1864. In the following
year patterns of the Double-eagle, Eagle, and Half -eagle, and of the

18 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

silver Dollar, Half-dollar, and Quarter-dollar, with the motto were pre-
pared, and in 1866 those denominations were issued bearing the motto.
Of the smaller coins this motto has been placed on only the bronze
Two-cent piece, as already stated, and on the nickel Five-cent piece
from 1868 to 1883.

When the Double-eagle and Eagle of new design appeared in 1907,
it was soon discovered that the religious motto had been omitted from
them; and in response to a general demand Congress ordered it restored,
which was done in 1908, and the popular will was also respected in
this regard when the new Half -eagle was brought out in the following
year.

The form of the star. — The use of stars as symbols of the States began
in the first years of the national coinage. Until 1892 the six-pointed
form of the star was employed; but on the reverse of the Half-dollar
and Quarter of that year the five-pointed character was introduced,
while the traditional six-point star was retained on the obverse. This
change was probably due to the presence of a five-point star on the
Great Seal, an adaptation of which forms the reverse type of these
coins. Mr. Pratt went an ill-advised step further and placed five-
pointed stars on the obverse of the Half-eagle and Quarter-eagle of
1908, a disregard of a well-established tradition which Mr. Saint-
Gaudens respected in his designs for the Double-eagle and Eagle of
1907, on the obverses and edges of which the stars are in all cases of the
six-point variety.

Signatures on dies. — The custom of placing the signature of the
engraver upon a coin die dates from remote antiquity. Many Greek
coins, especially the splendid creations produced by the cities of Sicily
and Magna Graecia, are signed with the initials of the artist, and in
some cases with his full name. The same practice has prevailed gener-
ally in European countries. On the coins of the United States but
few signatures occur. There were none until the Double-eagle ap-
peared in 1849, when the signature of Mr. Longacre, J. B. L., was
placed on the truncation of the bust. The same signature is of course
found on the Three-dollar gold piece of 1854, where the same bust of
Liberty is used as on the Double-eagle. Mr. Longacre also signed the
die of the Indian-head Cent of 1859, placing an L most unobtrusively
on the ribbon that hangs from the back part of the band of the feather
bonnet down over the hair.

Before the signed dies of Mr. Longacre appeared Mr. Gobrecht had
signed the dies of his silver Dollar in 1836, placing his full name C.
GOBRECHT in the exergue at first, then on the base of the figure of
Liberty. But only patterns with the signed dies were made, and the
name of the artist was unfortunately erased when the design was
accepted for the coin.

The silver Dollar of 1878 bears the signature of the designer and
engraver, Mr. G. T. Morgan, on both dies, an M on the truncation of
the bust and also on the ribbon that unites the branches of the wreath
on the reverse. In like manner, the signature of Mr. C. E. Barber
occurs as a letter B on the truncation of the bust of Liberty on the

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 19

Half-dollar, Quarter, and Dime of 1892. Of the recent gold coins,
Mr. Saint-Gaudens (designer) placed his signature, ASG in monogram,
beneath the date on the Double-eagle, but left the Eagle dies unsigned;
while the Half -eagle bears the initials, B. L. P., of the artist, Bela L.
Pratt, prominently beneath the bust of the Indian. The silver Dollar
of 1921 bears on the obverse, in the field under the head, the initial F
for Anthony de Francisci, the designer. On the reverse of the 1916
Half-dollar, ' in the lower right field, occurs the intials in monogram of
the artist, Mr. A. A. Weinman; the same occurring on the obverse
of the dime in the lower right field. The obverse of the Quarter
bears the initial M on the base of the right portal, for the designer,
Air. Hermon AlacNeil. Under the date on the obverse of the Five-
cent piece is an initial F for the designer, Mr. J. E. Fraser.

The One-cent piece of 1909, with the bust of Lincoln, originally bore
the signature of the artist, V. D. B., Victor D. Brenner, on the reverse,
but after an issue of nearly thirty million pieces the initials were
removed.

Statements of value. — On the first gold coins of the country there
was no statement of the value, the size of the pieces being deemed
sufficient to assure a true appreciation of their correct value. The
silver Dollar and Half-dollar had their values, ONE DOLLAR OR
UNIT and FIFTY CENTS OR HALF DOLLAR, milled on their
edges, so inconspicuously, however, and often so illegibly that they
were of but little value as ready aids to the eye in perceiving quickly
the values of the pieces.

But in 1804 the value of the Quarter-dollar was indicated by 25 C
on the reverse beneath the eagle, and the practice then begun has
had a steady development, until now the value fully written out is
•found on all the coins, as it was of course from the first on the Cent
and Half-cent. In 1807 the values 50 C and 5 D were placed on the
Half-dollar and Half-eagle, respectively; in 1838 the value of the
Eagle was given as TEN D. ; on the Half-dollar of 1836-7 the unusual
form 50 CENTS occurs, wffiich was changed to HALF-DOL. the
following year. The practice of gradually expanding the abbreviated
form went on until the full expressions TRADE DOLLAR and
TWENTY DOLLARS wTere introduced in 1873, and all new designs
prepared thereafter have the statement of value written in full.

SPECIAL COINAGES AND SUPERFLUOUS DENOMINATIONS

Commemorative coins. — The commemorative coin, which in many
other countries has had an extensive history, has never been much
employed in the United States. Of the list of such coins all belong
to recent years, and all arc related to important anniversaries of the
nation’s history.

The Columbian silver Half-dollar, authorized by act of August 5,
1892, was coined in 1892 and 1893, and the Isabella silver Quarter-
dollar, struck in 1893 under act of Alarch 3, 1893, were for the World’s
Columbian Exposition held in Chicago in 1893.

20 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

The Lafayette silver Dollar was struck under act of March 3, 1899,
in 1899, the date on the coin (1900) being that of the une veiling of the
memorial during the exposition in Paris, France.

The special gold dollars for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition held
at St. Louis, Mo., in 1903, were coined under act of June 28, 1902,
in 1902 and 1903, but have no coinage date upon them. Two types
were struck, one showing the head of Thomas Jefferson and the other
that of William McKinley.

The Lewis and Clark Exposition gold Dollar was struck in 1904
and 1905, under act of April 13, 1904, the exposition being held at
Portland, Oreg., in 1905, in commemoration of the hundredth an-
niversary of the exploration of the Northwest.

The act of Congress of January 16, 1915, authorized the striking of
Fifty, Two-and-a-half, and One-dollar gold pieces, also silver Half-
dollars, for Panama-Pacific Exposition Co., all stamped with the date
1915. There were two types of the Fifty-dollar piece, one being
round and the other octagonal in shape. The exposition was held
in San Francisco, Calif., in 1915, and the coins were struck at the
mint in that city.

The McKinley Gold dollar was authorized by act of February 23,
1916; the coins were struck in 1916 and 1917 for the McKinley Memo-
rial Association, in connection with the erection of a memorial building
at Niles, Ohio, the birthplace of William McKinley.

The Illinois Centennial silver Half-Dollar was authorized by act of
June 1, 1918, and struck the same year, to commemorate the one
hundredth anniversary of the admission of that State into the Union.

The Maine Centennial silver Half-dollar was authorized by act of
May 10, 1920, and struck the same year, to commemorate the one
hundredth anniversary of the admission of Maine into the Union.

The Alabama Centennial silver Half-dollar was authorized May
10, 1920, but not struck until October, 1921. The coins were placed
on sale at Birmingham, Ala., during the visit of President Harding,
October 29; they commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of
the admission of Alabama into the Union.

The Pilgrim Tercentenary silver Half-dollar was authorized May
12, 1920, and struck in 1920 and 1921, to commemorate the three
hundredth anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth,
Mass.

The Missouri Centennial silver Half-dollar was authorized March
4, 1921, and struck the same year, for the exposition and State fair
held at Sedalia, Mo., in August, 1921, to commemorate the one hun-
dredth anniversary of the admission of the State into the Union.

The Grant Memorial coins, Gold dollar and silver Half-dollar, were
authorized February 2, 1922, and were struck in 1922, to commemo-
rate the centenary of the birth of Ulysses S. Grant.

The Monroe Doctrine Centennial silver Half-dollar was authorized
January 24, 1923, and coined the same year, in the San Francisco
Mint, to commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of the enuncia-
tion of the Monroe doctrine.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 21

The Walloon-Huguenot silver Half-dollar, authorized by the act of
February 26, 1923, was struck in 1924, to commemorate the three
hundredth anniversary of the settlement by the Walloons and the
Huguenots of New Netherlands (the Middle States) in 1624.

The Stone Mountain Commemorative silver Half-dollar, authorized
by the act of March 17, 1924, in commemoration of the commence-
ment of the work of carving, on Stone Mountain in Georgia, a monu-
ment to the valor of the soldiers of the South. Coined in 1925.

The Lexington-Concord silver Half-dollars, authorized by act of
January 14, 1925, to commemorate the one hundred and fiftieth anni-
versary of the battles of Lexington and Concord. Coined in 1925.

The act of February 24, 1925, authorized the coinage of the following
silver Half-dollars:

To commemorate the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the
battle of Bennington and the independence of Vermont. Coined in

1927.

To commemorate the seventy-fifth anniversary of the admission of
the State of California into the Union. Coined at the Mint in San
Francisco in 1925.

To commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of the founding of
Fort Vancouver, in the State of Washington. Coined in 1925.

The Sesquicentennial silver Half-dollar and the gold $2.50 piece,
authorized by joint congressional resolution approved March 3, 1925,
in commemoration of the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the
signing of the Declaration of Independence. Coined in 1926.

The Oregon Trail silver Half-dollar authorized by Congress May 17,
1926, in commemoration of the heroism of the fathers and mothers
who traversed the Oregon Trail to the Far West. Coined in 1926.

The Hawaiian Half-dollar was authorized by the act of March 7,

1928, to commemorate the one-hundred-fiftieth anniversary of the
discovery of the Hawaiian Islands; it was coined in 1928.

Superfluous denominations. — New denominations have from time to
time been added to the series of United States coins with the view of
rendering them more serviceable for the retail trade of the country.
These experiments began in 1849 with the addition of the Double-eagle
and Dollar to the gold series, and was followed by the addition of a
Three-cent silver piece in 1851, and a Three-dollar gold piece in 1854; in
1864 a bronze Two-cent piece was added and in the following year a
nickel Three-cents, then the still-retained nickel Five-cent piece in 1866,
and so on until the addition of the Trade-dollar in 1873 brought the
number of denominations actually issued in that year up to seventeen.
That many of these denominations were soon found to be useless and
some of them very inconvenient is only what could be expected. Some
of them, as the gold Dollar, the Half-dime, and Three-cent piece, were
too small; the three-unit pieces belong to a duodecimal system and did
not fit readily into a decimal system, while the large number of the
series made it almost impossible to avoid having two denominations
of nearly the same size, which was the case with the silver Dime and
the nickel Three-cent piece, where the similarity of color of the two

22 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

metals aided their frequent confusion. The process of elimination soon
began, and in 1889 the series was reduced to the present practical
proportions.

DISCONTINUED COINS AND THE DATES OF THEIR

COINAGE

GOLD

Three-dollars

Dollar

1854-1889

1849-1889

SILVER

Trade-dollar 1873 — ( discontinued , 1883; demonetized , 1887 )

Twenty-cents 1875-1878

Half-dime. __ 1794-1873

Three-cents 1851-1873

NICKEL

Three-cents 1865-1889

BRONZE

Two-cents 1864-1873

Half -cent 1793-1857

PATTERNS

Apart from a slight artistic interest to be derived from comparison
among themselves of objects that in but few cases rise above mediocrity,
the chief interest of the large number of patterns for United States
coins lies in numerous proposals of unusual denominations. Some of
the patterns of this class embody the results of serious efforts to reach
a solution of monetary problems, while others represent purely visionary
theories. In the former class belong the goloid Dollar and the goloid
metric Dollar, coins which, as their inscriptions reveal, were made of an
alloy of silver and gold, in equal value, on the theory that the coin
would preserve the same value amid the fluctuations in the value of
silver. If the theory were sound, the coin would be unpractical because
only an assayer could detect the presence of the gold in the piece, the
color remaining that of silver. Another group of patterns is composed
of those which were to serve as international coins. The proposition
to add a four-dollar gold piece, to be denominated a Stella, was also
considered in 1S79, and in spite of the patent absurdity of it there
seems to have been sufficient discussion to warrant the production of a
few patterns in the following year, 1880.

In 1850 a gold pattern Dollar with a large central hole was submitted
for consideration to the Treasury authorities, and in 18S4 nickel Five-
cent and One-cent patterns of similar design were offered. The purpose
of the earlier suggestion was evidently to make a piece of larger diam-
eter, and thus overcome the valid objection to the small size of a gold
pit ( t of that denomination. The suggestion of a nickel piece with a

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

23

central hole probably came from the practice of certain other countries.
But there was no such reason for the device as existed where it served
as a ready means of distinguishing the coins from those of a contiguous
country using the same denomination and module.

Other unusual patterns are those of a Fifty-dollar gold piece pro-
duced in 1877. The question of larger gold coins had been mooted in
Congress, suggested apparently by the rather extensive use of pieces
of that value in the West, over which they had spread in former years
from the private coinage establishments in California. Two splendid
patterns were produced by Mr. William Barber, then engraver at the
mint, but the project never advanced beyond that initial stage.

It would not be desirable here to enter into any discussion of the
numerous patterns and varieties of these patterns which have been
produced for the regular series of our coins.

TOKENS AND PRIVATE COINS

Merchants ’ tokens. — At two periods since the nation began to coin
money there has arisen a stringency of small coins, which made it
necessary for business firms to supply their wants by the issue of copper
tokens redeemable in legal money by the firms which issued them. The
first period to witness such an issue came in 1837, when many business
houses had prepared for their use copper tokens of the size of the large
copper Cent. The types of these tokens then, as usually, were of two
principal classes, the one strongly political with devices and inscriptions
giving vivid expression to the partisan slogans of the day; while the
other bore simply the advertisement of the merchant who issued them.
Again, in 1863, the dearth of small coins gave rise to an enormous issue
of such tokens, at that time again in the module of the current bronze
One-cent piece. These pieces are commonly known as “Civil War
Tokens” and “Merchants’ Cards,” the former bearing types of a
political character and the latter, as in 1837, having simply the names
of business firms §nd advertisements.

Thousands of business houses throughout the Northern States
resorted to the use of copper tokens issued in their own names; on the
other hand, many of the so-called “Civil War Tokens” possess a general
character and were evidently produced in quantities and sold wherever
there was a demand for them.

Private gold coins. — Of an entirely different character are the pri-
vately issued gold pieces which were struck in Georgia and North
Carolina, and also in the West after the discovery of gold in California
and Colorado. The first privately issued gold pieces which readily
went into circulation as coins were struck by Templeton Reid, an
assayer, who in 1830 established himself near the gold mines in Lumpkin
County, Ga., and converted the gold from the mines into a coin form.
The example of Mr. Reid was soon followed by a Mr. Bechtler, at
Rutherfordton, N. C.

There can hardly have been any reason of necessity for either of these
enterprises, since neither community was beyond the reach of assay
offices where gold could have been disposed of. But in the case of the
Far West, the Government connivod at the irregularity, regarding it

24 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

as necessary under the circumstances. In fact, the Government
opened negotiations with the firm of Moffat and Company with a view
of having that company coin gold for the Treasury of the United States,
but the decision to establish a mint at San Francisco rendered such an
arrangement unnecessary. The production of gold “coins” of a
private character in the West was very extensive and carried on by a
large number of mining companies and banking establishments.

The pieces thus issued ranged in value from 23^ dollars up to 50
dollars. While, as a rule, the form of this gold is the normal one of the
usual coin, and in many cases the devices of the national coins were
employed with legends suitable to the private character of the issuer,
yet a few abnormal shapes are found among them. Thus an octagonal
piece of the value of $50 was issued by August Humbert, a United States
assayer; and of simpler form, the bar or ingot, with appropriate inscrip-
tions attesting the fineness, weight, and value, and finally the name of
the firm or assayer guaranteeing the correctness of the figures was
issued by Moffat and Company, and by F. D. Kohler, the State assayer
of California.1

THE MINTS OF THE UNITED STATES

The mints of the United States are under control of a Bureau of the
Mint at Washington, D. C., which was established in 1873, and is in
charge of a Director of the Mint. The minting establishments of the
United States, the marks by which their respective coins are distin-
guished, and also the dates of organization, and in some cases the dates

of their suspension, are as follows:

The Mint at Philadelphia, no mark 1793

New Orleans, La., mint-mark O 1838

Suspended 1861

Reopened 1879

Minting discontinued 1910

Charlotte, N. C., mint-mark C; for the coinage of gold only. 1838-1861
Dahlonega, Ga., mint-mark D; for the coinage of gold only. 1838-1861

San Francisco, mint-mark S 1854

Carson City, Nev., mint-mark CC 1870-June 30, 1893

Denver, Colo., mint-mark D 1906

W eight and fineness of the 'principal gold and silver coins

GOLD EAGLE

Authorized

Weight

Fineness

1792

Grains

270

258

258

Thousandths
916^
899. 225
900

1834

1837

Other gold coins in proportion.

• See Adams’ Premium List of United States, Private and Territorial Gold Coins, and the
same writers articles on Private gold coinage, in American Journal of Numismatics, Vol.

Catalogue of coins of the united states 25

Weight and fineness of the principal gold and silver coins — Continued

SILVER DOLLAR

Authorized

Weight

Fineness

1792

Grains

416

412H

Thousandths

892.4

900

1837

HALF-DOLLAR

1792

208

892.4

1837

208

900

1853..

192

900

1873

192.9

900

The Quarter-dollar and Dime, like the Half-dollar, were reduced in weight in 1853, and
thereby made subsidiary.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Crosby, Sylvester S. The Early Coins of America. Boston, 1875.

Dickeson, M. W. American Numismatic Manual; Colonial, State, and
United States Coins. 2d ed. Philadelphia, 18G0.

Eckfeldt, J. R., and Du Bois, W. E. A Manual of Gold and Silver
Coins of All Nations, Struck Within the Past Century. Phila-
delphia, 1842. The chapter on coins of the United States,
p. 138 ff.

Evans, G. G. Illustrated History of the United States Mint, and a
Complete Description of the American Coinage. Philadel-
phia, 1892.

Heaton, A. G. A Treatise on the Coinage of the United States Branch
Mints. Washington, D. C., 1893. A treatise of mint-marks.

Hickcox, John H. A Historical Account of American Coinage. 1858.

Snowden, James Ross. A Description of Ancient and Modern Coins
in the Cabinet Collection (of the Phila. Mint), pp. 83-128.
Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia, 1860.

Watson, David K. History of American Coinage. G. P. Putnam’s
Sons, New York, 1899.

The following sales catalogues are of considerable value because
of the rare pieces they include:

Lorin G. Parmlee Collection, by New York Stamp and Coin Co.,
New York, N. Y., 1890.

Matthew A. Stickney Collection, by Henry Chapman, Jr., Phila-
delphia, 1907.

William H. Woodin Collection of U. S. Gold Coins, by Thos. L.
Elder, New York, 1911.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

In order to render the catalogue more accessible to the layman who

may wish to consult it, the following glossary of a few of the more

important technical terms and expressions is given:

26 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

AV.— Gold.

AR. — Silver.

AE. — Copper, or bronze.

Obv. Obverse, the side which bears the more important device or
inscription, as the head of the monarch, the arms, and name of the
State; and

Rev. — Reverse, the other side of the coin.

Edge. — The surface of the thickness of a coin.

Field. The portion of the surface of a coin not occupied by the main
device and principal inscriptions.

Type. — The type includes everything on the side of a coin; but type
is also used to designate the device exclusive of the inscriptions.

Symbol. — A secondary device, generally in the field.

Exergue. The portion of the reverse which is below the device, from
which it is distinctly separated.

Head. — The head and any portion of the neck.

Bust. — The head including at least a portion of the collar bone.

Right and left. — The spectator’s right and left.

Mint-mark. — A difference by which the coin struck by a particular
mint is distinguished.

MEASUREMENTS

The measurements of the coins of the United States are given in

sixteenths of the inch, the unit in common use in this country, and

generally found in the literature of the subject. The measurements of

the medals, where given, are in millimeters.

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

ENGLISH COLONIES

MASSACHUSETTS

COINS

1. AR. Shilling, undated. Obv. N E (New England), in a

small incused depression at top of the field, the
remainder of the field being plain. Rev. Value, XII,
in incused depression at top of the field, the remainder
of the field being plain. Size, 18; wt., 72 grs.

2. AR. Shilling, 1652. 1 Obv. M ASATH VSETS IN. between

two beaded circles; within the inner circle, an oak
tree. Rev. NEWENGLAND. AN. DOM., between
two beaded circles; within the inner circle, 1652 | X 1 1 .
Size, 17; wt., 75 grs.

3. AR. Shilling, 1652. Obv. M ASATH VSETS IN. between

two beaded circles; within the inner circle, a pine tree.
Rev. NEWENGLAND. AN. DOM., between beaded
circles, and 1652 | XII within. Size, 19; wt., 70.2 grs.

4. AR. Shilling, 1652. Legends and types similar to No. 3,

except that the letter N in New England is correctly
placed. Size, 17; wt., 60.2 grs.

5. AR. Shilling, 1652. Obv. M ASATHVSETS : : IN :: be-

tween two circles of short, thick bars. Rev. N EW-
ENGLAND. AN. DO., between two circles of short,
thick bars; within, 1652 | XI I. Size, 16; wt., 60.3 grs.

6. AR. Shilling, 1652. Similar to No. 5. Size, 16; wt., 64

grs.

i The date, 1652, on Nos. 2-11, is without significance, as the dies
were not altered in respect to the date after the first year of issue, so
that some of the pieces bearing date of 1652 may have been struck later.

27

28 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

7. AR. Sixpence, 1652. Obv. MASATHUSETS IN between

beaded circles; within, pine tree. Rev. NEWENG-
LAND. ANO., between beaded circles; within,
1652 | VI. Size, 7; wt., 29.2 grs.

8. AR. Sixpence, 1652. Similar to No. 7, but with a dot at

each side of stem of tree. Size, 8; wt., 12 grs.

9. AR. Threepence, 1652. Obv. IN. M ASATH VSETS,

between beaded circles, pine tree within circle. Rev.
N EWE N GLAND, between two beaded circles; within
inner circle, 1652 | III. Size, 10}^; wt., 27.5 grs.

10. Threepence, 1652. Similar to No. 9, but with rosette as

stop after ENGLAND. Size, 9; wt., 9.5 grs.

11. Twopence, 1652. Similar to No. 9, but with 1652 ] II

within circle on reverse. Size, 8; wt., 10 grs.

MARYLAND

Coinage oj Lord Baltimore j or Maryland, about 1659

12. AR. Shilling, undated. Obv. C/ECILIVS : Dns. : TER-

R/E- MARI/E : &ct. Draped bust of Lord Baltimore
to left. Rev. CRESCITE : ET : M VLTI PLICAM I N I.
A crowned shield of arms; at sides, X — II. Size, 15 3dS;
wt., 71 grs.

13. AR. Sixpence, undated. Legends and types similar to

No. 12, but with mark of value, V — I , on reverse.
Size, 14; wt., 38.5 grs.

14. AR. Groat, or Fourpence, undated. Similar to No. 12,

but with mark of value, I - V, on reverse. Size, 10.

15. AE. Penny. Obv. Similar to No. 12. Rev. DENARIUM:

TERR/E- M ARI/E. A ducal crown surmounted by
two pennants. Size, 13.

TOKENS

CAROLINA

16. AE. Penny, 1694. Obv. An elephant standing to left.

Rev. god: | preserve: | Carolina: and: | the:
lords: | proprietors | 1694. Size, 28}^.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 29

The “ Rosa Americana ” tokens

17. AE. Twopence, undated. Ohv. GEORGIVS. D : G :
MAG : BRI : FRA : ET. HIB : REX. Laureated
bust of George I to right. Rev. A full blown rose;
above, ROSA AMERICANA; below, on a scroll,
UTILE DULCI. Size, 20.

18-19. AE. Twopence, 1723. Ohv. Similar to No. 17. Rev.
A crowned rose; above, ROSA . AMERICANA .
1723; below, on a scroll, UTILE . DULCI . Size, 20.

20. AE. Penny, 1722. Ohv. GEORGIUS . DEI . GRA-

TIA . REX. Laureated bust to right. Rev. ROSA.
AMERICANA * UTILE . DULCI . 1722. Full
blown rose. Size, 17.

21. AE. Penny, 1723. Similar to No. 20, but wTith period

after AMERICANA. Size, 15.

22. AE. Halfpenny, 1723. Legends and types similar to

No. 20. Size, 17.

Issued hy John Higley , Granhy, Connecticut

23. AE. Threepence, undated. Ohv. VALUE . ME . AS .

YOU . PLEASE.^. A deer standing to left, within
a circle; below, | | |. Rev. I . CUT . MY . WAY .
TH ROUGH. Abroad-ax. 28 mm.

24. AE. Similar to No. 23; double struck.

25. AE. Threepence, 1737. Ohv. THE . VALVE . OF .

THREE . PENCE.JI^1^. A deer, standing to left.
Rev. CON N ECTICVT. Three hammers, each crowned;
below, + 1 737. Size, 18.

VIRGINIA

26-27. AE. Halfpenny, 1773. Ohv. GEORGIVS III. REX.
Laureated bust to right. Rev. VIRGI NIA. A
crowned shield of arms, the crown dividing the date,
17-73. Size, 16.

28. AE. 1773. Electrotype copy of a variety of No. 26,
without the period after GEORGIUS. Size, 18.

30 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

THE SOVEREIGN STATES FROM THE TREATY OF PEACE
WITH ENGLAND TO THE ADOPTION OF THE CONSTI-
TUTION OF THE UNITED STATES, A. D. 1783-1789

CONNECTICUT

COINS

29. AE. Cent, 1785. Obv. AUCTORI. .CON NEC: Lame-

nted bust to right. Rev. INDE: ET LIB: Liberty,
seated to left upon a globe, holding olive branch in
extended right hand, and supporting liberty pole in
left; below, 1785. Size, 18.

30. AE. Cent, 1786. Obv. Similar to No. 29, but letters of

inscription are smaller. Rev. Similar to No. 29, but
the legend begins on right. Size, 18.

31-32. AE. Cents, 1787. Obv. AUCTORI:* *CONNEC:
Laureated bust, with mantle, to left. Rev. * INDE
★ * * ET. LIB *. Type as No. 29; below, date.
Border, scallop pattern. Size, 18.

33. AE. Cent, 1787. Obv. AUCTORI: -*-CONNEC:
Laureated bust to left. Rev. * INDE: ** * ET
LIB: Type as No. 29, with date below. Size, 18.

MASSACHUSETTS

34-35. AE. Cents, 1787. Obv. MASSACHUSETTS. An
eagle displayed, bearing on breast a shield inscribed
CENT; below, date. Rev. COMMON * WEALTH.
An Indian, standing, to left, with bow in right, and
arrow in left, hand. 18 mm.

36. AE. Cent, 1788. Similar to No. 34, but from different

die; the letters being smaller.

37. AE. Half-cent, 1787. Legends and types similar to No.

34, but variety with small letters in inscriptions as
No. 36. Size, 14.

38. AE. Half-cent, 1788. Legends and types similar to No.

34. Size, 14.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 31

NEW JERSEY

39-40. AE. Cent, 1786. Obv. NOVA C/ESA REA. Horse’s
head, to right; below, a plow, and the date beneath.
Rev. ★ E ★ PLURIBUS ★ UNUM ★ . Shield.
Point pattern on borders. Size, 17.

41. AE. Cent, 1787. Similar to No. 39, except the date;

but of different die, the horse’s neck being larger.
Size, 18.

42. AE. Cent, 1788. Similar to No. 39, except the date.

43. AE. Cent, 1788. Similar to No. 39, but with the horse’s

head to left, and dated 1788. Size, 18.

VERMONT

44-45. AE. Cents, 1786. Obv. VERMO'NTENSIU M. RES.
PUBLICA. The sun, rising behind pine-covered
mountains; in front, a plow; below, .1786. Rev.
STELLA. QUARTA. DECIMA. An eye, surrounded
by thirteen rays which extend to a circle of thirteen
stars. Size, 17.

46. AE. Cent, 1786. Obv. AUCTORI: - VERMON : Lau-
reated bust to right. Rev. INDE - ★ - ET: LIB:
Liberty, seated to left, holding olive branch in right,
and a pole in left hand; below, 1786. Size, 18.

NATIONAL CONGRESS

47. AE. Cent, 1787. “Fugio Cent.” Obv. UNITED

STATES, on a small raised circle which incloses the
words we | are | one; around, thirteen rings inter-
linked. Rev. A sundial with the hours indicated, and
meridian sun above; to left, ★FUGIO ★; to right,
★ 1787 ★; in exergue, mind your | business. Size,
18.

48. AE. Cent, 1787. Similar to No. 47, but united states

reading from top right. Size, 18.

49. AE. Cent, 1787. Similar to No. 47, but with rings

inscribed with names of States. Size, 19.

763°— 28 3

32 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

PATTERNS AND TOKENS

50. Tin. Pattern dollar, 1776. Obv. Between two circles

AMERICAN CONGRESS; within the inner circle,
we | are | one; around the outer circle, rays which
extend to an endless chain of thirteen round links, each
inscribed with the name of one of the original States
of the Union; on border, Pellets. Rev. Between two
circles CONTINENTAL CURRENCY 1776; on the
left, and occupying about one-third of the circumfer-
ence, FU G 1 0 ; within the inner circle, sun shining upon
a sundial; below, mind your | business. Size, 25.

51. Similar, but reading curency.

52. Tin. Patten dollar, 1776. Similar to No. 50, with the

sun placed higher up; between the two circles, sur-
rounding the central device, on reverse, e. g. fecit.
Size, 25.

53. AE. Cent, 1781. Obv. NORTH AMERICAN TOKEN.

A female, seated to left, her left hand resting upon a
harp; below, 1781. Rev. A ship, sailing to left;
above, COMMERCE. Size, 17.

ANNAPOLIS TOKENS

54-54a. AR. Shillings, 1783. Obv. I. CHALMERS, AN-
NAPOLIS. Two hands clasped, within a laurel
wreath. Rev. . 8 . ONE SHILLING . 8. 1783.
Within a circle of dots, the field divided by a hori-
zontal, zigzag pattern, a serpent in upper part, and in
lower, two doves, standing vis-a-vis and holding a
sprig of olive in their beaks. Edge reeded. Size 4^;
wt., 56.5 (54), and 57 (54a) grs.

54b. AR. Shilling, 1783. Similar to No. 54; pierced. Size,
14; wt., 53 grs.

55. AR. Sixpence, 1783. Obv. I. CHALMERS. ANNAPO-
LIS. A mullet, within a laurel wreath. Rev. I. C.
SIX PENCE 1783. Two clasped hands, upon a
voided cross, two of whose arms terminate in stars
and two in crescents; in the angles, leaves. Size, 11.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 33

55a. AR. Threepence 1783. Obv. I. CHALMERS. AN-
NAP’S. Two hands clasped. Rev. A sprig of olive,
within a laurel wreath; around, THREE PENCE
1 783. Size 8.

The “ Nova Constellatio ”

56. AE. Cent, 1783. Obv. NOVA CONSTELLATIO. An

eye in a glory, surrounded by a circle of thirteen stars.
Rev. LIBERTAS * JVSTITIA. Within a laurel
wreath, U. S.; below, 1783. Size, 18.

57. AE. Cent, 1785. Similar to No. 56, with the letters,

U. S., in script and interlaced, and reading LIBERTAS
ET J USTITI A on reverse. Size, 18.

58. AE. Cent, undated (Bar Cent). Obv. U. S. A., in plain

field; border dentilated. Rev. Thirteen bars. Size, 17.

u The Immune Columbia .”

59. AV. Guinea, 1785. Obv. NOVA CONSTELLATIO. An

eye in a glory, surrounedd by thirteen stars. Rev.
IMMUNE COLUMBIA. Columbia, seated to right;
holds liberty pole in right, and scales in left hand;
below, 1785. Size, 16; wt., 128.7 grs.

Struck over Guinea of George III, of 1775.

60. AE. Cent, 1785. Obv. IMMUNE COLUMBIA. Colum-

bia, seated to right, supporting liberty pole and cap
with right hand, and holding scales in left; below,
1787. Rev. CEORCIVS * III. REX. Laureated
bust, cuirassed, to right.

61-62. AE. Cents, 1787. Obv. IMMUNIS COLUMBIA.
Columbia seated r. on globe. Rev. E. PLURIBUS.
UNUM. An eagle displayed, with olive branch in
right claw and arrows in the left.

NEW YORK

63. AV. Doubloon, 1787 (E. BRASHER). Obv. * NOVA *
EBORACA ★ COLUMBIA * EXCELSIOR. *
The sun, rising over a mountain; in front, the sea;
below, brasher. Rev. ★UNUM^E* PLURI-
BUS. An eagle displayed, with shield (of the U. S.)

34 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

on breast, olive branch in right claw, and arrows in
left; about head, thirteen stars; on right wing, e. b.,
incused; the whole within a laurel wreath; below, 1787.
Size, 194*2; wt., 406.8 grs.

64. AR. Necessity piece. Mexican Peseta of 1785 with E B
stamped on obverse.

65. AE. Cent, 1787. Obv. NOVA EBORAC. Laureated

bust to right. Rev. V IRT. ET. LIB. Liberty seated
to right, holding liberty pole and olive branch; beside
her, shield of New York; below, 1787.

66. AE. Cent, 1787. Similar, but Liberty seated left.

67. AE. Cent, 1783. Obv. GEORGIVS. TRIUMPHO. A

laureated bust to right. Rev. VOCE POPOLI. Lib-
erty standing to left with olive branch in left hand
and liberty pole in right; in front, a screen with thir-
teen vertical bars and a fleur-de-lis at each corner;
below, 1783. Size, 18.

68. AE. Cent, undated (Kentucky Cent). Obv. E PLURI-

B U S U N U M . A pyramid of fifteen stars, each
inscribed with the initial of the name of a State
(the top one being marked K (Kentucky), hence the
name), surrounded by rays. Rev. UNANIMITY IS
THE STRENGTH OF SOCIETY. * A hand ex-
tending a scroll inscribed, our | cause | is | just.
Size, 19.

69. Similar, but on edge: payable in Lancaster London

OR BRISTOL.

TOKENS AND PATTERNS WHICH PRESENT
THE LIKENESS OF WASHINGTON

70. AE. Cent, 1783. Obv. WASHINGTON & INDEPEND-

ENCE. Draped bust of Washington, laureate, to
left; below, 1783. Rev. UNITY STATES OF AM ER-
ICA. Within an olive wreath, one | cent.; beneath
the wreath, 1/100. Size, 18.

71. AE. Cent, 1783. As No. 70.

72. AE. Cent, 1783. Obv. Similar to No. 70, but the bust

is narrower. Rev. UNITED STATES. Liberty
seated to left upon a rock by the sea, holding olive
branch in extended right hand and with the left sup-
porting a liberty pole surmounted by the cap. Edge,
a central hatching. Size, 18.

73. AE. Cent, 1783. Similar to No. 72.

74. AE. Cent, 1783. Obv. WASHINGTON & INDEPEND-

ENCE. Laureated bust of Washington to left, with
mantle secured by a clasp on left shoulder. Rev.
Similar to No. 72. Plain edge. Size, 18.

75-76. AE. Cent, 1783. Obv. Inscription as on No. 74. Bust
of Washington, laureate, in uniform, to left; beneath,
1783. Rev. Similar to No. 72. In exergue, left,
T. V. I.; right, K. S. Size, 18.

77-78. AE. Cents, 1791. Obv. WASHINGTON PRESI-
DENT. Bust of Washington in uniform to left;
below, 1791. Rev. An eagle displayed, with shield
on the breast, an olive branch in right claw, thirteen
arrows in left; in beak, a scroll with unum e pluribus;
above, on border, ONE CENT. Edge, united
STATES OF AMERICA. Size, 19.

79-80. AE. Cents, 1791. Obv. Similar to No. 77, without
date beneath the bust. Rev. An eagle displayed, simi-
lar to No. 77, with eight stars about the head, and
above, an arch of clouds extending from wing to wing;
on border, above, ONE CENT; below, 1791. Edge,
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Size, 19.

35

36 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

81-2. AE. Cents, undated. Obv. WASHINGTON. Laure-
ated bust to left, in uniform. Rev. The same bust as
on obverse; above, on border, ONE CENT. Size, 17.

83. AE. Cent, 1792. Obv. WASHINGTON PRESIDENT.

Bust of Washington to left, in uniform; beneath, 1 792.
Rev. An eagle displayed, having U. S. shield on
breast, olive branch in right claw, and arrows in the
left; in beak, a scroll inscribed unum e pluribus;
above, on border, thirteen stars. Size, 193^.

84. AE. Cent, 1792. Obv. Similar to No. 83. Rev. general |

OF THE | AMERICAN ARMIES | 1775 | RESIGNED | 1783 j
PRESIDENT | OF THE | UNITED STATES | 1789. Size, 19.

85. AE. Cent, 1792. Obv. G. WASH I NGTON PRESIDENT.

I. Bust of Washington in uniform to left; beneath
1792. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An
eagle displayed, with shield on breast, olive branch in
the right claw, and arrows in the left; above, about the
head, fifteen stars. Size, 21.

86. AE. Cent, 1792. Legends and types similar to No. 85,

but with reeded borders. Size, 23.

87-88. AE. Halfpenny, 1793. Obv. WASHINGTON PRESI-
DENT. Bust of Washington, in uniform, to left.
Rev. A ship sailing to right; above, HALFPENNY;
below, 1793, in an incused depression. Size, 19.

89. AE. Half-cent, 1793. Obv. Bust of Washington, in uni-

form, to right; above, LIBERTY; below, 1793. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within an olive
wreath, half | cent, with beneath the wreath.
Edge TWO. HUNDREDTHS. OR. HALF. CENT. Size, 14.

90. AE. Cent, 1795. Obv. GEORGE WASH I NGTON. Bust

of Washington to right, in uniform. Rev. LIBERTY
AND SECURITY. A heart-shaped shield, argent,
fifteen pales gules, impaling azure, fifteen stars; above,
an eagle displayed, with olive branch in right claw and
arrows in left; below, divided by the shield, 17-95.
Edge, PAYABLE AT LONDON LIVERPOOL OR BRISTOL.

Size, 18.

91. AE. Cent, 1795. Similar to No. 90, but on the edge,

BIRMINGHAM REDRUTH & SWANSEA.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 37

EARLY AMERICAN TOKENS

AR. “Pitt Token,” 1766. Obv. THE RESTORER OF
COMMERCE 1766. Bust to left; below, NO
STAMPS. Rev. THANKS TO THE FRIENDS OF
LIBERTY AND TRADE. Ship with lion figurehead

sailing right with America written athwart her course
just in front of her brow. Size, 18.

AE. Similar to above.

AE. Talbot, Allum & lee. Edge: we promise to pay the
bearer one cent. — Obv. AT THE STORE OF
TALBOT ALLUM & LEE NEW YORK. Ship sail-
ing to right. Rev. LIBERTY & COMMERCE.
Liberty, holding Liberty Pole in right hand, standing
facing, beside a bale of merchandise. Size, 18.

One of the first private tokens struck in the United States

COINS STRUCK BY THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA AFTER THE ESTABLISHMENT
OF THE MINT AT PHILADELPHIA IN 1793

GOLD

Fifty-dollar, 1915. Obv. Octagon shape. Bust of Minerva
with crested helmet to left; over shoulder a segment
of a shield, inscribed M • C • M • X • V ; upper left field,
in god we | trust; surrounded by two circles, the
inner beaded, between which forming a continuous
band, UNITED STATES OF AM ERICA | Fi FTY
DO LLA RS ; in angles of octagon, eight dolphins. Rev.
An owl perched on a pine branch, pine cones and
needles filling lower field; middle right field, e |
pluribus | unum; in band similar to obverse, PAN A.MA-
PACIFIC • EXPOSITION • SAN FRANCISCO; field
right of cone, mint mark S; in angles of octagon,
eight dolphins. Edge reeded. Size, 28. Models by
Robert Aitken.

Fifty-dollar, 1915. Similar to above but round, and with
dolphins omitted.

92. Double-eagle, 1849. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
diadem inscribed liberty; around, thirteen stars; be-
neath, 1849. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An eagle, displayed, with the shield of the United
States on the breast; olive branch in right claw and
three arrows in the left; in beak, a scroll extending
symmetrically to left and right, and inscribed (left)
e pluribus - (right) unum; above, thirteen stars in
form of an oval, and rays extending from wing to wing
of the eagle; below, TWENTY D. Borders dentilated.
Reeded edge. Size, 21; wt., 516 grs. By Longacre.
Unique.

Coins of same design as No. 92, but bearing the }'ear in
which made, issued from 1850 to 1866.

38

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 39

109. Double-eagle, 1866. Similar to No. 92, but within the

oval of stars, on reverse, in god we I trust, and dated

1866.

Coins of same design as No. 109, but bearing the year" in
which made, issued from 18G6 to 1877.

120. Double-eagle, 1877. Similar to No. 109, but the head of
Liberty is larger and more centrally placed than in the
original design of 1849, No. 92; and the stars are in
different relation to the bust, so that the top of the
diadem is between the sixth and seventh stars instead
of below the seventh. On reverse, the value reads
TWENTY DOLLARS.

Coins of same design as No. 120, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1877 to 1907.

151. Double-eagle, 1907. Obv. LIBERTY. Liberty with

long, loose hair, standing facing, on right foot, the
left raised and resting upon a rock, in front of which
lies an oak branch; she holds a torch in her right hand
and an olive branch in the left; in the distance to left,
the Capitol of the United States; to right, the date,
M. C. M. VII. and beneath the date asg (Augustus
Samt-Gaudens) in monogram; in background, rising
sun; the whole within a circle of forty six stars. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | TWENTY DOL-
LARS. An eagle flying to left athwart the rays
of the rising sun. Edge, e ^ pluribus ^ unum

The types of No. 151 are in very high relief; about 12,250
specimens of it were issued.

152. Double-eagle, 1907. Similar to No. 151, but with types
in lower relief, and the date, 1 907.

153. Double-eagle, 1908. Similar to No. 152, except date.

154. Double-eagle, 1908. Similar to No. 152, but on orb of

the sun on reverse the motto, in god we trust; and
dated 1908.

Coins of same design as No. 154, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1908 to the present time, except in
1917, 1918, and 1919.

40 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

157. Eagle, 1795. Obv. ★★★★★★★★★★

LIBERTY ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ . Draped bust of Liberty
to right, with long, loose hair and wearing liberty cap;
below, 1795. Rev. U N ITED STATES OF AM ERICA.
An eagle, with wings displayed, standing upon a
palm branch, and holding a laurel wreath in bill.
Edge reeded. Size, 21; wt., 270 grs.

158. Eagle, 1796. Similar to No. 157, but with sixteen stars

on the obverse, grouped eight to right and eight to
left of LIBERTY, and dated 1796.

159. Eagle, 1797. Similar to No. 157, but with sixteen stars

on the obverse, grouped twelve to left and four to
right of LIBERTY, and dated 1797.

160. Eagle, 1797. Obv. Similar to No. 157, but with sixteen

stars on the obverse, grouped ten to left and six to
right of LIBERTY, and dated 1797. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle displayed, bear-
ing shield of the United States on the breast, arrows
in the right claw and olive branch in the left; in beak,
a scroll inscribed e pluribus-unum; above the head,
thirteen stars beneath an arch of clouds. Reeded edge.
Size, 21.

161. Eagle, 1798. 1 Similar to No. 160, but with thirteen

stars on the obverse, grouped nine to left and four to
right of LIBERTY, and dated 1798.

162. Eagle, 1798. 1 Similar to No. 160, but with thirteen

stars on the obverse, grouped seven to left and six to
right of LIBERTY, and dated 1798.

163. Eagle, 1799. Similar to No. 160, but with thirteen

stars on the obverse, grouped eight to left and five to
right of LIBERTY, and dated 1799.

164. Eagle, 1800. Similar to No. 163, except date.

165. Eagle, 1801. Similar to No. 163, except date.

1 Date changed from 1797. Such conversions were of frequent
occurrence in the early period of the mint’s operations. Other examples
are: Half-eagle, 1795 to 1796; quarter-eagle, 1804 to 1806; dime, 1S09
to 1811; cents, 1799 to 1800, 1822 to 1823; half -cent, 1S02 to 1803.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 41

166. Eagle, 1803. Similar to No. 163, but with small stars

on reverse.

167. Eagle, 1803. Similar to No. 163, but with large stars

on reverse.

167a. Eagle, 1804. Similar to No. 163, except date.

168. Eagle, 1838. Obv. Bust of Liberty to left, with hair

knotted at back of head and secured by a cord of
pearls; in hair a fillet inscribed liberty; around,
thirteen stars; below, 1 838. Rev. An eagle, with wings
displayed, the head turned to left, bearing on breast
shield of the U. S., an olive branch in right claw and
three arrows in the left; below, TEN D. Reeded edge.
Size, 17; wt., 129 grs.

169. Eagle, 1839. Similar to No. 168, except date.

170. Eagle, 1840. Similar to No. 168, but the lock of hair

has been removed from over the ear and the curls on
forehead extend down to the ear, which is visible.

Coins of same design as No. 170, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1840 to 1866.

196. Eagle, 1866. Similar to No. 170, but on a scroll above
the eagle in god - we - trust.

Coins of same design as No. 196, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1866 to 1907.

238. Eagle, 1907. Obv. Head of an Indian girl to left, with

feather bonnet, the band of which is inscribed
liberty; above, thirteen stars; below, 1907. Rev.
UNITED . STATES . OF . AMERICA. An eagle,
standing to left, upon a bundle of arrows on which lies
an olive branch; to right, e | pluribus | unum;
below, TEN. DOLLARS. Edge, 46 stars. By Saint-
Gaudens. Compare PI. VI, 4.

239. Eagle, 1908. Similar to No. 238, except date.

240. Eagle, 1908. Obv. Similar to No. 238, but to left of

eagle, in | god we | trust.

Coins of same design as No. 240, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1908 to 1916, in 1920, and in 1926.

42 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

243. Half-eagle, 1795. Obv. ★★★★★★★★★★

LIBERTY ★ ★ ★ ★ ★" Draped bust of Liberty to
right, with long, loose hair, and wearing liberty cap;
below, 1795. Rev. UNITED STATE OF AMERICA.
An eagle, with wings displayed, standing upon a
palm branch, and holding aloft a wreath of laurel
in bill. Border dentilated. Reeded edge. Size, 16;
wt., 135 grs.

244. Half-eagle, 1795. Obv. Similar to No. 243. Rev.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle dis-
played, bearing shield of the U. S. on breast; arrows
in right claw and olive branch in the left; in beak, a
scroll inscribed e pluribus - tjnum; above the head,
sixteen stars beneath an arch of clouds. Reeded edge.
Size, 16; wt., 135 grs.

245. Half-eagle, 1796. Similar to No. 243, except date.

246. Half-eagle, 1797. Similar to No. 244, but with fifteen

stars on obverse, grouped ten to left and five to right
of LIBERTY.

247. Half-eagle, 1797. Similar to No. 243, but with sixteen

stars on obverse, grouped eleven to left and five to
right of LIBERTY.

248. Half-eagle, 1798. Similar to No. 243, but with thirteen

stars on the obverse, grouped eight to left and five to
right of LIBERTY.

249. Half-eagle, 1798. Similar to No. 244, but on obverse

thirteen stars, grouped eight to left and five to right
of LIBERTY; and on reverse, thirteen stars above
the head of the eagle.

Coins of same design as No. 249, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1798 to 1805.

259. Half-eagle, 1806. Similar to No 249, but with thirteen

stars on the obverse, grouped seven to left and six to
right of LIBERTY and dated 1806.

260. Half-eagle, 1807. Similar to No. 259, except date.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 43

261. Half-eagle, 1807. Obv. Draped bust of Liberty to left,
the hair falling loosely about neck and shoulders, and
wearing a liberty cap, the band of which is inscribed
liberty; around, ★★★★★★★ —
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★; below, 1807. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with wings dis-
played, an olive branch in the right claw, and arrows
in the left; above the eagle, a scroll with e pluribus
unum; below, 5 D. Reeded edge. Size, 16. By Reich.

Coins of same design as No. 261, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1807 to 1813.

269. Half-eagle, 1813. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, the
hair falling in ringlets on neck and shoulders, with
liberty cap the band of which is inscribed liberty;
around, be-

low, 1813. Rev. Similar to No. 261. Size, 16.

Coins of same design as No. 269, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1813 to 1834, except in 1816 and 1817.

289. Half-eagle, 1834. Obv. Bust of Liberty to left, with
fillet inscribed liberty; her hair is wavy, and locks
fall on neck; around, thirteen stars ; below bust, 1834.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle,
with wings displayed, the head turned to left, bearing
shield of the U. S. on breast; an olive branch in right
claw and three arrows in left; below, 5 D. Reeded
edge. Size, 14; wt., 129 grs.

Coins of same design as No. 289, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1834 to 1839.

294. Half- eagle, 1839. Obv. Bust of Liberty to left, with
hair in a knot at back of head and secured by rope
of pearls; in hair, a fillet inscribed liberty; around,
thirteen stars; below, 1839. Rev. Similar to No. 289,
except for variations in the olive branch and the posi-
tion of the arrows in claws of the eagle, and the state-
ment of value, which is FIVE D. Size, 14.

Coins of same design as No. 294, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1839 to 1866.

44 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

321. Half-eagle, 1866. Similar to No. 294, but above the eagle
on reverse a scroll bearing in god — we — trust.

Coins of same design as No. 321, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1866 to 1908.

364. Half-eagle, 1908. Obv. In an incuse depression, bust
of an Indian to left, with bonnet of eagle feathers,
and a necklace of claws; around, ★★★★★★
LI BERT Y ★★★★★★★; below, 1 908. Beneath
the bust, B. L. P. (Bela Lyon Pratt). Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA, incuse; an eagle, standing
to left, upon a bundle of arrows on which lies an olive
branch; the whole in an incuse depression; to left of
the eagle, e | pluribus | unum; to right, in | god |
we | trust; below, FIVE DOLLARS. Without raised
margin. Edge, reeded. Size, 13J/2-

Coins of same design as No. 364, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1908 to 1916.

367. Three-dollars, 1854. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. An Indian female head, to left, with
feather bonnet, the band of which is inscribed liberty.
Rev. 3 | dollars | 1854 | within a wreath of cotton
and wheat. Edge, reeded. Size, 13; wt., 77.4 grs.
By Longacre.

Coins of same design as No. 367, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1854 to 1889.

404. Quarter-eagle, 1796. Obv. LIBERTY. Draped bust of

Liberty to right, with long hair falling on neck and
shoulders, and with liberty cap; beneath, 1796. (No
stars on border.) Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. An eagle displayed, with shield of U. S.
on breast, grasping arrows in right claw, and olive
branch in the left; in beak, a scroll inscribed e
pluribus-unum; about the head, sixteen stars beneath
an arch of clouds. Size, 13; 67.5 gr.

405. Quarter-eagle, 1796. Similar to No. 404, but on obverse

★ ★★★★★★★ LI B E RTY + + + + + it +

406. Quarter-eagle, 1797. Similar to No. 404, but with

thirteen stars on obverse, seven to left and six to right,
of LIBERTY.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 45

407. Quarter-eagle, 1798. Similar to No. 404, but with

thirteen stars on obverse, grouped six to left and seven
to right of LIBERTY, and thirteen on reverse above
the head of the eagle.

408. Quarter-eagle, 1802. Obv. Similar to No. 404, but with

thirteen stars, grouped eight to left and five to right
of LIBERTY. Rev. Similar to No. 404, but thirteen
stars about the head of the eagle.

409. Quarter-eagle, 1804. Similar to No. 408, but with

fourteen stars over the head of eagle on reverse, and
dated 1 804.

410. Quarter-eagle, 1805. Similar to No. 408, but with

thirteen stars on obverse, grouped seven to left and
six to right of LIBERTY.

411. Quarter-eagle, 1806. Similar to No. 410, except date.

411a. Quarter-eagle, 1806. Similar to No. 408, but with
thirteen stars, grouped eight to left and five to right
of LIBERTY.

412. Quarter-eagle, 1807. Similar to No. 410, except date.

41$. Quarter-eagle, 1808. Types similar to the Half-eagle,
No. 261, but with mark of value, 2-1/2 D., beneath
the eagle on reverse, and dated 1 808. Edge, reeded.
Size, 13.

414. Quarter-eagle, 1821. Similar to the. Half-eagle, No.
269, but with mark of value, 2-1/2 D. and dated 1821 .;
Edge, reeded. Size, 12.

Coins of same design as No. 414, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1824 to 1834, except in 1828.

424. Quarter-eagle, 1834. Obv. Bust of Liberty to left, with
fillet inscribed liberty; her hair is wavy, and locks
fall on neck; around, thirteen stars; below, 1 834. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed, the head turned to left, bearing
shield of the U. S. on breast; olive branch in right claw
and three arrows in left; below, 2-1/2 D. Reeded
edge. Size, 1134* Wt., 64.5 grs.

Coins of same design as No. 424, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1834 to 1840.

46 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

430. Quarter-eagle, 1840. Obv. Bust of Liberty to left, with
hair in a knot at back of head and secured by rope of
pearls; in hair a fillet inscribed liberty; around, thir-
teen stars; below, 1840. Rev. Similar to No. 424, but
of different die, the olive branch in the eagle’s claw
being much larger.

$

Coins of same design as No. 430, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1840 to 1908.

498. Quarter-eagle, 1908. Similar to the Half-eagle, No. 364,
but reading 2-1 /2 D. below the eagle on reverse. Size,
11.

Coins of same design as No. 498, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1908 to 1915, and in 1925, 1926, and
1927.

501. Dollar, 1849. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with dia-
dem inscribed liberty; around, thirteen stars. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within an olive
wreath, 1 |dollar 1 1849. Reeded edge. Size, 8; wt.,
25.8 grs.

Coins of same design as No. 501, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1849 to 1854.

509. Dollar, 1854. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An Indian female head to left, with feather bonnet,
the band of which is inscribed liberty. Rev. Within
a wreath of cotton and wheat, 1 ] dollar ] 1854. Size,
93^; wt., 25.8 grs.

Quarter-eagle, 1915. Obv. Columbia, with caduceus in
left hand, to right, seated on seahorse riding through
the sea to left; at top, around border, PANAMA
PACIFIC EXPOSITION. In exergue, 1915. Rev.
An eagle with raised wings to left, standing on
classical standard, inscribed, e . pluribus unum;
at top, around border, UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA; below, 2-1 /2 DO L. Edge, reeded. Size,
11. Models by Geo. T. Morgan.

Quarter-eagle, 1926. Obv. Figure of Liberty to left, holding
in right hand a torch and in left hand a scroll, the
latter emblematic of the Declaration of Independ-
ence, and standing on segment of globe; in lower left

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 47

field, 1776; in middle right field, 1926; at top, around
border, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; at
bottom, around border, LIBERTY. Rev. Inde-
pendence Hall, Philadelphia; in upper field, in
god - we trust; below, e pluribus unum; at top,
around border, SESQU ICENTEN N I AL OF AMER-
ICAN INDEPENDENCE; at bottom, around border,
2-1/2 DOLLARS. Edge, reeded. Size, 1134- Models
by J. R. Sinnock.

Coins of same design as No. 509, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1854 to 1889.

545-546. Dollar, 1903. Louisiana Purchase Exposition, spe-
cial issue. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Bust of President McKinley to left. Rev. LO U I S I -

ANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION, ST. LOUIS. In
field, one | dollar | ( olive branch ) | 1803 | 1903.

Reeded edge. Size, 9. By C. E. Barber.

547. Dollar, 1903. Similar to No. 545, but with bust of
Jefferson to left, on obverse.

548-549. Dollar, 1904. Lewis and Clark Exposition, special
issue. Obv. LEWIS-CLARK EXPOSITION PORT-
LAND ORE. Bust of Mr. Meriweather Lewis to
left; below, date. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Bust of Mr. William Clark to left;
beneath, ONE DOLLAR. Reeded edge. Size, 9.
By C. E. Barber.

550-551. Dollar, 1905. Similar to No. 548, except date.

Dollar, 1915. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA in
two lines around border. Head of man with cap,
to left, symbolizing a laborer through whose efforts
the Panama Canal became a reality; below, 1915.
Rev. PANAMA PACIFIC EXPOSITION, SAN
FRANCISCO in continuous line around border;
in center, in horizontal lines, ONE | DOLLAR
encircled by two dolphins, in field; mint mark S;
edge, reeded. Size, 9. Designed by Charles Keck.

763°— 28 4

48 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

Dollar, 1916. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
McKINLEY DOLLAR, forming continuous border.
Head of McKinley facing left. Rev. McKINLEY
BIRTHPLACE, NILES-OHIO, at top in two lines;
facade of the McKinley Memorial Building; in
exergue, 1916-MEMORIAL. Edge, reeded. Size,
9. Models, obverse by Charles E. Barber; reverse
by George T. Morgan.

Dollar, 1917. Similar to above except date.

Dollar, 1922. Obv. Bust of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, in
military uniform; below, 1822-1922; in field at left,
ULYSSES S. — at right, GRANT; around top border,
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; at bottom,
ONE DOLLAR. Rev. Log cabin, with tall trees
surrounding; in field at left, e | pluri — bus | unum;
at top, in god we trust. Edge, reeded. Size, 9.
Models by Laura G. Fraser.

Dollar, 1922. Same as above, but with a small incuse star
in field near last A in America.

SILVER

552. Dollar, 1794. Obv. ★ LIBERTY

★ ★★★★★★• Bust of Liberty to right, with
loose hair hanging on neck; below, 1795. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed, the head turned to right, standing
upon a rock; the whole within an olive wreath. Edge,

HUNDRED □ O □ O □ ^ ★ CENTS ^ ^ □ O □ ^ ^
ONE -k ★ DOLLAR i OR ^ i UNIT □ □ it it

Size, 24 wt., 416 grs.

553. Dollar, 1795. Similar to No. 552, except date; variety

with three leaves beneath left wing of eagle.

554. Dollar, 1795. Obv. LIBERTY. Draped bust of Lib-

erty to right, with long hair, two side locks drawn
back and tied with a ribbon; around, fifteen stars
grouped eight to left and seven to right; below, 1795.
Rev. Eagle similar to No. 552, but perched upon a
cloud and within a wreath of olive and palm branches.
Edge as No. 552.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 49

555. Dollar, 1796. Similar to No. 554, except date.

556. Dollar, 1797. Similar to No. 554, blit with sixteen stars

on the obverse, grouped nine to left and seven to right
of LIBERTY.

557. Dollar, 1797. Similar to No. 554, but with sixteen stars

on the obverse, grouped ten to left and six to right of

LIBERTY.

558. Dollar, 1798. Similar to No. 554, but with fifteen stars

on the obverse, grouped eight to left and seven to right
of LIBERTY. Size, 25.

559. Dollar, 1798. Similar to No. 554, but with thirteen

stars on the obverse, grouped seven to left and six to
right of LIBERTY.

560. Dollar, 1798. Obv. Similar to No. 554, but with thir-

teen stars on the obverse, grouped seven to left and six
to right of LIBERTY; below, 1798. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle displayed, with
shield of the U. S. on breast, thirteen arrows in right
claw and olive branch in left; in beak, a scroll inscribed
e pluribus - unum; about the head, thirteen stars
beneath an arch of clouds. Edge as No. 552.

561. Dollar, 1799. Similar to No. 560, except date.

561a. Dollar, 1799. Similar to No. 560, but with stars
grouped eight to left and five to right of LIBERTY.

562-3. Dollars, 1800. Similar to No. 560, except date.

564. Dollar, 1801. Similar to No. 560, except date.

565-6. Dollars, 1802. Similar to No. 560, with numeral 2
over 1 in the date.

567. Dollar, 1803. Similar to No. 560, except date.

568. Dollar, 1804. Types similar to No. 560, but with a

beading around the borders. The edge, which is
similar to No. 552, is very faintly struck, the legend
being only legible, while the condition of the specimen
is otherwise “uncirculated.” Very rare.

50 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

569. Dollar, 1804. Types similar to No. 560, but with

several minor variations, and with a plain edge. This
piece is understood to have been struck several years
later than the date it bears.

570. Dollar, 1840. Obv. Liberty, wearing Greek chiton, with

neck and arms bare, seated to right upon a rock, the
head turned to left; she holds in left hand a pole sur-
mounted by liberty cap, the right hand supporting the
shield of the United States which rests upon the ground
by her side; across the shield is a scroll inscribed lib-
erty; beneath, 1840. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. An eagle, with wings displayed inverted ;
an olive branch in right claw and arrows in left; below,
ONE DOL. Reeded edge. Size, 24.

Coins of same design as No. 570, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1840 to 1866.

596. Dollar, 1866. Similar to No. 570, but on a scroll above
the eagle on reverse, in god - we - trust, and dated
1866.

Coins of same design as No. 596, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1866 to 1873.

604-5. Trade-dollars, 1873. Obv. Liberty, with diadem,
wearing Greek chiton, her neck and arms bare, seated
to left upon a bale of goods by the sea; holds a branch
of olive in extended right hand and in her left, which
hangs by her side, a scroll on which, liberty; behind
and leaning against the bale of goods, sheaf of wheat;
beneath the bale, a scroll inscribed in god we trust;
around, thirteen stars; below, 1873. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle with wings dis-
played inverted, the head turned to right, three ar-
rows in right claw and olive branch in left; above,
on a scroll, e pluribus unum; beneath the eagle,
420 grains 900 fine, and on margin,TRADE DOLLAR.
Reeded edge. Size, 24.

Coins of same design as No. 604, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1873 to 1883.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 51

611-12. Dollars, 1878. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
liberty cap, the band of which is inscribed liberty;
in hair, cotton bolls and wheat heads; around,

★ ★★★★★★£■ PLURIBUS . UNUM

★ ★★★★★; below, 1878. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with wings
displayed erect, the head turned to left, an olive
branch in right claw and three arrows in left, within
an olive wreath; above, in straight line, 3fn <^ob toe
truest; below, ONE DOLLAR. Reeded edge. Size,
24; wt., 412 grs. By Morgan.

Coins of same design as No. 611, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1878 to 1904. Also in 1921.

640-1. Lafayette Dollar, 1900. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Heads of Washington and Lafayette,
conjoined, to right; below, LAFAYETTE DOLLAR.
Rev. ERECTED . BY . THE . YOUTH . OF . THE .
UNITED . STATES . IN . HONOR . OF . GEN .
LAFAYETTE. Equestrian statue of Gen. Lafayette,
to left ; on base, bartlett ; below, ★ PARIS. ^ 1 900. +
Edge, reeded. Size, 24. By C. E. Barber and Bart-
lett.

Dollar, 1921 (Peace Dollar). Obv. Head of Liberty, with
tiara of light rays, to left; around border above,
LIBERTY; across lower field, in god we - trust;
at bottom, around border, 1921. Rev. An eagle
standing on rock, to right, with olive branch in
talons; at top, around border, UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA; forming inner parallel band, e.
pluribus - unum; in lower right field, rays of rising
sun; on rock, PEACE; across lower field, ONE —
DOLLAR. Edge, reeded. Size, 24. Models by
Anthony de Francisci.

Coins of same design as above, but bearing the year in which
made, issued from 1921 to 1928.

647-8. Half-dollar, 1794. Obv. ★★★★★★★★ LIB-
ERTY ★ ★★★★★★• Bust of Liberty, with
long, loose hair, to right; below, 1 794. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with wings dis-
played, standing upon a rock, the head turned to right,

52 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

within a wreath of laurel branches; scallop pattern on
borders. Edge, ic it fifty ★ — o — cents

★ ★ ★ OR — HALF ★ * A ★ * DOLLAR * *

— o — o. Size, 21; wt., 208 grs.

649. Half-dollar, 1795. Similar to No. 647, but with heavier

wreath and dated 1 795.

650. Half-dollar, 1796. Obv. , L! BERTY. Draped bust of

Liberty to right, with long, loose hair, two side locks
drawn back and tied with a ribbon; around, fifteen
stars, grouped eight to left and seven to right of lib-
erty; beneath, 1796. Rev. Similar to No. 647, but
with wreath of olive and palm branches. Edge, as
No. 647.

651. Half-dollar, 1796. Similar to No. 650, but with sixteen

stars, grouped nine to left and seven to right.

652. Half-dollar, 1797. Similar to No. 650, except date.

653. Half-dollar, 1801. Obv. Similar to No. 650, but with

thirteen stars, grouped seven to left and six to right of
liberty; beneath, 1 801 . Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. An eagle displayed, with shield of U. S.
on breast, grasping thirteen arrows in right claw and
an olive branch in the left; in beak, a scroll inscribed e
pluribus-unum; about the head, thirteen stars
beneath an arch of clouds. Edge, similar to No. 647.
Size, 21; wt., 208 grs.

Coins of same design as No. 653, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1801 to 1807.

660. Half-dollar, 1807. Obv. Draped bust of Liberty to left,
the hair falling loosely about neck and shoulders, with
liberty cap, the band of which is inscribed liberty;
around, ★★★★★★★ — ^ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ;

below, 1807. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An eagle with wings displayed inverted, bearing U. S.
shield on breast, an olive branch in right claw and
three arrows in left; above, a scroll inscribed e pluri-
bus unum; below, 50 C. Edge, fifty cents or
half a dollar. Size, 21. By Reich.

Coins of same design as No. 660, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1807 to 1834, except 1815.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 53

689. Half-dollar, 1834. Similar to No. 660, but the stars, the

figures in date, and the letters of inscription on reverse
are smaller.

690. Half-dollar, 1835. Similar to No. 689, except date.

691. Half-dollar, 1836. Similar to No. 689, except date.

692. Half-dollar, 1836. Obv. Around, ★★★★★★ —

★ ★★★★★★ Bust of Liberty, draped, to
left, with loose hair falling on neck and shoulders, and
wearing a liberty cap, the band of which is inscribed
liberty; below, 1836. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AM ERICA. An eagle, with wings displayed inverted,
an olive branch in right claw and three arrows in left;
below, 50 CENTS. Edge, reeded. Size, 19.

693. Half-dollar, 1837. Similar to No. 692, except date.

694. Half-dollar, 1838. Similar to No. 692, but reading

HALF DOL. below the eagle on reverse.

695. Half-dollar, 1838. Similar to No. 692, but with 0 (New

Orleans Mint) beneath the bust.

696. Half-dollar, 1838. Types similar to No. 570 — the seated

figure of Liberty, and on reverse the eagle with wings
displayed inverted — but reading HALF DOL. below
the eagle on reverse. Reeded edge. Size, 19.

Coins of same design as No. 696, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1838 to 1866.

714. Half-dollar, 1853. Similar to No. 696, but with arrow-

heads at sides of the date; and on reverse the eagle is
surrounded by rays. Size, 18; wt., reduced to 192 grs

715. Half-dollar, 1854. Similar to No. 696, but with arrow-

heads at sides of the date, the rays of 714 omitted from
reverse.

716. Half-dollar, 1855. Similar to No. 715, except date.

717. Half-dollar, 1856. Similar to No. 696, except date — the

arrowheads omitted.

727. Half-dollar, 1866. Similar to No. 696, but above the
eagle, on reverse, a scroll on which in god - we -

TRUST.

Coins of same design as No. 727, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1866 to 1892.

54 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

735. Half-dollar, 1873. Similar to No. 727, but with an

arrowhead at each side of the date. Wt., 12.500
grams.

736. Half-dollar, 1874. Similar to No. 735, except date.

/ 54. Half-dollar, 1892. Obv. Head of Liberty .to right, wear-
ing liberty cap with laurel wreath over the cap; in front
hair a fillet inscribed liberty; around, ★★★★★★
IN GOD WE TRUST ★★*****; below head,
1892. Rev. An eagle displayed, bearing shield of the
United States on breast; a branch of olive in right
claw and thirteen arrows in the left; in beak a scroll on
which is e pluribus - unum; above the head, thirteen
stars; below the eagle, .HALF DOLLAR. Edge,
reeded. Size, 19. By C. E. Barber.

755-6. Columbian half-dollar, 1892. Obv. UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA. Bust of Columbus to right; below,
COLUMBIAN HALF DOLLAR. Rev. WORLD’S
COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION CHICAGO. A ship,
sailing to left; below, two hemispheres, divided by
which is the date, 14 — 92 ; below, 1892. Edge, reeded.
Size, 19. By C. E. Barber.

758. Columbian half-dollar, 1893. Similar to No. 755, except
date.

Coins of same design as No. 754, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1892 to 1915.

Half-dollar, 1915. Obv. Columbia facing to left, scattering
flowers; behind her a child holding large cornucopia;
in the field the Golden Gate and the setting sun;
at top, around border, PANAMA PACIFIC EXPO-
SITION ; below, a conventionalized wave motif; at
bottom, 1915 and mint mark S. Rev. UNITED —
STATES OF — AMERICA and below HALF —
DOLLAR. Eagle with wings spread standing on
shield of the United States; in field to left an oak
branch; to right an olive branch; in field above, in
god I we - trust. Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Models
by George T. Morgan.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 55

Half-dollar, 1916. Obv. Figure of Liberty draped in the
Stars and Stripes, walking to left; right arm out-
stretched; in left arm, branches of olive and oak; at
top, around border, LIBERTY; lower left field, sun,
with rays, rising over mountain tops; in right field,
in god | we trust; in exergue, 1916. Rev. Eagle to
left with wings raised, standing on crag; at top, around
border, U N ITED. STATES. OF. AM ERICA.; in left
field, e . pluribus | unum; below, branch of pine, with
cones and needles, in the grasp of eagle’s talons; at
bottom, around border, HA*LF. DOLLAR. Edge,
reeded. Size, 19. Models by A. A. Weinman.

Coins of same design as above, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1916 to 1928 except in 1922, 1924,
and 1926.

Half-dollar, 1918. Obv. At top, around border, CEN-
TENNIAL OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. Bust
of Lincoln to the right; in horizontal lines in left
' field, in | god | we | trust; below, in right field,
LIBERTY; below bust, 1918. Rev. At top, around
border, UNITED . STATES . OF. AMERICA; below,
HALF DOLLAR. Eagle facing left standing partly
on shield of the United States and on a rock. In
eagle’s beak a ribbon inscribed with state sover-
eignty national union; in right field, e | pluribus
unum above a rising sun; at base of shield, an olive
branch. Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Obverse model
by George T. Morgan; reverse by John R. Sinnock.

Half-dollar, 1920. Obv. Arms of the State of Maine; a
pine tree with a moose at base, on shield supported
by two figures representing agriculture and commerce;
above, a star and DIRIGO on scroll; below the
shield, MAINE on scroll; at top, around border,
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; below, HALF
DOLLAR. Rev. Within a wreath of pine needles and
cones, MAINE | CENTENNIAL | 1820-1920; above,
E PLURIBUS UNUM and LIBERTY; below, in
god - we trust. Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Modeled
by Anthony de Francisci.

56 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

Half-dollar, 1920. Obv. Half-length portrait of Gov. Brad-
ford to left, with hat and carrying Bible in left arm;
in upper right field, in god | we trust; at top,
around border, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA;
below, * PILGRIM HALF DOLLAR. *. Rev.
The “Mayflower” sailing to left. At top, around
border, PILGRIM TERCENTENARY CELEBRA-
TION, 1620-1920 ^. Edge, reeded. Size, 19.
Modeled by Cyrus D allin.

1921. Same as above, but with date 1921 on left field of
obverse.

Half-dollar, 1921. Obv. Bust of a frontiersman with coon-
skin cap and deer-skin coat to left; at top, around
border, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; below,
HALF DOLLAR; in lower field, on either side,
1821-1921. Rev. A full length figure of a frontiers-
man with gun and powder horn, with arm extended,
beside an Indian in war-bonnet holding shield and
pipe; in field, 24 stars, four rows of six each; at top,
around border, MISSOURI CENTENNIAL; in
exergue, SEDALIA, incised. Edge, reeded. Size,
19. Modeled by Robert Aitken.

Half-Dollar, 1921. Same as above, but with special mark
2 ^ 4 in field above 1821.

Half-dollar, 1921. Obv. Accolated busts of William Wyatt
Bibb, the first Governor of Alabama, and Thomas
E. Kilby, the Governor in 1920; to left, beneath,
in small letters, bibb-1921-kilby. In field, at
lower left, twelve stars in three lines; at lower right,
ten stars in three lines; [above, 2 on either side of
a St. Andrews Cross; around outer border, at top,
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; forming inner
border, at top, in god we trust; at bottom, HALF
DOLLAR. Rev. The seal of Alabama; an eagle to
left with raised wings, arrows in talons; in back, the
shield of the United States; in eagle's beak a ribbon
with the State's motto, HERE WE REST; around
border, at top, STATE OF ALABAMA; at bottom,
1819 CENTENNIAL 1919. Edge, reeded. Size, 19.
Models by Laura G. Fraser.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 57

Half-dollar, 1921. Same as above, but with the special mark

2x2.

Half-dollar, 1922. Obv. Bust of Ulysses S. Grant to right
in military uniform; below, 1822-1922; across the

field, ULYSSES | S. GRANT. Around top

border, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; at
bottom, HALF DOLLAR. Rev. Log cabin with tall
trees surrounding. In field at left, e | pluri - bus
unum; at top, in god we trust. Edge, reeded.
Size, 19. Models by Laura G. Fraser.

Half-dollar, 1922. Same as above, but with a small incuse
star in field near last A in AMERICA.

Half-dollar, 1923. Obv. Accolated busts of Presidents James
Monroe and John Quincy Adams; below, MONROE
(two links) ADAMS; at top, around border, UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA; in left field, in god |
we trust; in lower right field, 1923; at bottom,
HALF DOLLAR. Rev. Two figures representing
North and South America, in positions suggesting a
map of the two continents, the former offering an
olive branch of peace to the latter, who is carrying a
cornucopia; in the field on both sides the ocean cur-
rents are delicately traced; lower left field, 1823-1 923,
separated by a scroll and pen emblematic of the
“Treaty”; at top, around border, MONROE DOC-
TRINE CENTENNIAL; at bottom, around border,
LOS ANGELES. Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Models
by Chester Beach.

Half-dollar, 1924. Obv. Accolated busts of Admiral Coligny
and William the Silent to right; below, COLIGNY
and WILLIAM THE SILENT; at top, around
border, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; in
right field, in | god | we | trust; at bottom, around
border, HUGUENOT * HALF • DOLLAR. Rev.
The ship “New Nederland” sailing to left; above
around border, H UGU ENOT - WALLOON TER-
CENTENARY; in left field, 1624; in right field,
1924; at bottom, around border, FOUNDING
OF NEW- NETHERLAND. Edge, reeded. Size,
19. Model by George T. Morgan.

58 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

Half-dollar, 1925. Obv. Equestrian figures of Gen. Robert
E. Lee and Gen. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson,
to left; at top, around border, in god we trust;
upper field, above figures, thirteen stars in two
lines; lower left field, STONE MOUNTAIN j 1925.
Rev. Eagle to left, wings spread, standing on mountain
crag; above, around border, UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA, and parallel in smaller letters, e * pluri-
bus * unum; in middle left field, MEMORIAL | TO
THE VALOR | OF THE SOLDIER | OF THE
SOUTH ; lower field, LI BERTY ; entire field sprinkled
with stars dimly visible; at bottom, around border,
HALF DOLLAR. Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Models
by Gutzon Borglum.

Half-dollar, 1925. Obv. The Minute Man, reproduction of
statue at Concord, to right; around border, at top,
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; left field,
CONCORD | MINUTE MAN; right field, in god j
we trust; at bottom, around border, ^PATRIOT
HALF DOLLAR^. Rev. Reproduction of old belfry
at Lexington, below, the words OLD BELFRY
LEXINGTON; as a band around border, LEXING-
TON-CONCORD SESQU ICENTEN N I AL; at bot-
tom, 1775-1925. Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Models
by Chester Beach.

Half-dollar, 1925. Obv. Kneeling figure of a miner washing
gold from gravel; at top, around border, LIBERTY ;
in left field, in god | we trust; in exergue, CALI-
FORNIA DIAMOND | JUBILEE | — 1925. Rev .
A bear to left; at top, around border, e ’ pluribus
unum; in exergue, U N ITED STATES j OF AM ERICA |
HALF DOLLAR. Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Models
by J. Mora.

Half-dollar, 1925. Obv. Bust of Dr. John McLoughlin,
builder of fort Vancouver, to left; below, DR. JOHN
McLOUGHLIN; at top, around border, UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA; in field, 1825-1925, in
god - we trust; at bottom, around border, HALF
DOLLAR. Rev. A frontiersman in buckskin suit,
holding a gun, to right; in background, within a

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 59

circle, the Fort and a mountain peak; at top, around
border, FORT VANCOUVER CENTENNIAL; at
bottom, around border, in small letters, Vancouver ’
Washington ' founded * 1825 * by, in larger letters,
HUDSON’S BAY COMPANY. Edge, reeded.
Size, 19. Models by Laura G. Fraser.

Half-dollar, 1926. Obv. Accolated busts of Pres. Washington
and Pres. Coolidge to right; in lower right field,
in god | we trust; at top, around border, LI BERT Y ;
at bottom, around border, UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Rev. The Liberty Bell; in left field,
1776; in right field, 1926; on slightly raised band
around entire border, SESQUICENTEN N I AL OF
AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE • HALF DOLLAR * ;
in upper field, e pluribus unum. Edge, reeded.
Size, 19. Models by J. R. Sinnock.

Half-dollar, 1926. Obv. Figure of Indian, to right, left arm
outstretched, right hand holding bow, wearing
feathered bonnet, with blanket over arm; in field,
extending on both sides of figure, a map of the United
States, on which a line of Conestoga wagons indicates
the Oregon Trail; superimposed over map in field,
UNITED — STATES — OF — AMERICA; at bot-
tom, around border, HALF DOLLAR. Rev. A
Conestoga wagon drawn by oxen over brow of a hill
toward setting sun, rays of which fill the field; at top,
around border, in god we trust; in exergue, OREGON
TRAIL MEMORIAL; below, five stars; at bot-
tom, 1926. Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Models by
Laura G. Fraser.

Same, date 1928.

Half-dollar, 1927. Obv. Portrait head of Ira Allen, to right;
at top, around border, UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA; below head, IRA ALLEN; at bottom,
around border, FOUNDER OF VERMONT. Rev.
A catamount to left; at top, around border, BATTLE
OF BENNINGTON; in parallel line, smaller letters,
in god we trust; upper field, 1777-1927; in left
field, AUG. 16; in two lines parallel at bottom around
border, e pluribus unum and HALF DOLLAR
Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Models by Charles Keck.

60 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

Half-dollar, 1928. Obv. Bust of Captain James Cook, to
left; at top, around border, UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA; in left field, CAPT. | JAMES COOK |
DISCOVERER OF | HAWAII; following Capt. a
compass needle; in right field, in god | we trust; at
bottom, HALF DO LLAR, with symbols of four islands
on either side; along inside of border a delicate wave
motif. Rev. Figure Hawaiian chief in full regalia,
advancing over hill top; right arm extended in weir
come; in left hand a spear; in left field, reproduction of
a village of grass huts at foot of Diamond Hill, and
along Waikiki Beach; lower left field, e pluribus
unum, and a tropical fern; at bottom, around border,
1778 1928; in right field, a cocoanut tree, the leaves

filling upper field. Edge, reeded. Size, 19. Models
by Chester Beach.

776. Quarter-dollar, 1796. Obv. ★★★★★★★★ LIB-

ERTY ★ ★★★★★★• Draped bust of Liberty
to right, with long loose hair, two side locks drawn
back and tied with a ribbon; below, 1796. Rev .
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed, standing upon a rock, the head turned
to right, within a wreath of laurel branches; scallop
pattern on borders. Reeded edge. Size, 18.

777. Quarter-dollar, 1804. Obv. Similar to No. 776, but with

thirteen stars, grouped seven to left and six to right;
below 1804. Rev UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An eagle, displayed, with shield of U. S. on breast,
grasping arrows in right claw and olive branch in left;
in beak, a scroll inscribed e pluribus-unum; about the
head thirteen stars beneath an arch of clouds; below,
25 C. Reeded edge. Size, 18; wt., 104 grs.

Coins of same design as No. 777, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1804 to 1807.

781-2. Quarter-dollar, 1815. Obv. Around, ★★★★★★ -

★★★★★★★ Draped bust of Liberty to left, the
hair falling loosely about the neck and shoulders, with
liberty cap, the band of which is inscribed liberty;
below 1815. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 61

An eagle with wings displayed inverted, bearing U. S.
shield on breast, grasping olive branches in right claw
and three arrows in left; above, a scroll inscribed e
pluribus unum; below, 25 C. Reeded edge.

Coins of same design as No. 781, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1815 to 1828, except 1824 and 1826.

793. Quarter-dollar, 1831. Similar to No. 781, but scroll with
motto omitted on reverse. Size, 15.

Coins of same design as No. 793, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1831 to 1838.

802. Quarter-dollar, 1838. Obv. Liberty, wearing Greek
chiton, with neck and arms bare, seated to right upon
a rock, the head turned to left; she holds in left
hand a pole surmounted by liberty cap, the right hand
supporting the shield of the United States; across the
shield is a scroll inscribed liberty; around, thirteen
stars; below, 1838. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. An eagle with wings displayed inverted,
grasping olive branch in right claw and arrows in left;
below, QUAR.DOL. Reeded edge. Size, 15.

Coins of same design as No. 802, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1838 to 1853.

819. Quarter-dollar, 1853. Similar to No. 802, but with

arrow-heads at sides of the date; and on reverse the
eagle is surrounded by rays. Weight reduced to
96 grains. Size, 16.

820. Quarter-dollar, 1854. Similar to No. 802, but with

arrow-heads at sides of the date. (The rays of No.
819 omitted from reverse.)

821-822. Quarter-dollar, 1855. Similar to No. 820, except
date.

Coins of same design as No. 802, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1856 to 1866.

833. Quarter-dollar, 1866. Similar to No. 802, but above the
eagle, on reverse, a scroll, on which is in god - we -

TRUST.

841. Quarter-dollar, 1873. Similar to No. 833, but with
arrowheads at sides of date. Wt., 6.250 grams.

62 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

842. Quarter-dollar, 1874. Similar to No. 841, except date.

843. Quarter-dollar, 1875. Similar to No. 833, except date —

the arrow-heads of No. 841 being omitted from
obverse.

Coins of same design as No. 833, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1866 to 1892.

860. Quarter-dollar, 1892. Obv. ★★★★★★ IN GOD WE
TRUST ★★★★★★★ Head of Liberty to right,
wearing liberty cap, over which is a laurel wreath;
in front hair a fillet inscribed liberty; below, 1892.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle
displayed, bearing shield of the United States on
breast; a branch of olive in right claw and thirteen ar-
rows in left; in beak, a scroll on which is e pluribus-
unum; above the head, thirteen stars; below the eagle,
QUARTER DOLLAR. Reeded edge. Size, 153^.
By C. E. Barber.

Coins of same design as No. 860, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1892 to 1916.

v

862-3. Columbian Quarter-dollar, 1893. Obv. UNITED
STATES — OF AMERICA. Crowned bust of
Isabella of Spain, to left; in field, on right, 1893.
Rev. BOARD OF LADY MANAGERS. A spinner,
kneeling to left, a distaff in her left hand and a
spindle in right; below, COLUMBIAN QUAR.DOL.
Reeded edge. Size, 15. By C. E. Barber.

Quarter-dollar, 1916. Obv. Figure of Liberty, head to right
standing in portal; in right hand an olive branch; on
left arm a shield; at top of portal across center field,
in god — we trust; on vertical edge of portal in left
field, seven stars; similarly in right field, six stars; at
top, around edge, LIB — ERTY; in exergue, 1916;
around entire circumference a beaded border. Rev.
Eagle flying to right; at top around edge, UNITED
STATES; in upper field, OF | AMERICA, E*
PLURIBUS | UNUM; at bottom around border
QUARTER- DOLLAR; around left border, seven
stars; around right border, six stars. Edge, reeded.
Size, 15J4- Models by Hermon MacNeil.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 63

Quarter-dollar, 1917. Same as above, except on Reverse,
around left border five stars; around right border,
five stars; below eagle, three stars.

Coins of same design as above (1917), but bearing the year
in which made, issued from 1917 to 1928, except in 1922.

881-882. Twenty cents, 1875. Obv. Liberty, wearing Greek
chiton, with neck and arms bare, seated to right upon
a rock, her head turned to left; she holds in left hand
a pole surmounted by liberty cap, the right hand sup-
porting the shield of the United States; across the
shield is a scroll inscribed liberty; around, thirteen
stars; beneath, 1875. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AM ERICA. An eagle with wings displayed inverted,
the head turned to right, three arrows in right claw
and an olive branch in the left; below TWENTY
CENTS. (This is the same type of eagle as on
Trade Dollar, No. 604.) Edge, plain. Size, 14;
wt., 76.16 grs.

Coins of same design as No. 881, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1875 to 1878.

886. Dime, 1796. Obv. ★★★★★★★★ LIBERTY

★ ★★★★★★• Draped bust of Liberty to
right, with long loose hair, two side locks drawn back
and tied with a ribbon; below 1796. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with wings dis-
played, the head turned to right, standing upon a
rock, within a wreath of olive and palm branches.
Edge, reeded. Size, 13; wt., 41.6 grs.

887. Dime, 1797. Similar to No. 886, but with sixteen stars

on the obverse grouped nine to left and seven to
right. Dated 1797.

888. Dime, 1798. Obv. Similar to No. 886, but with thirteen

stars on obverse, grouped seven to left and six to
right; below, 1798. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. An eagle displayed, with shield of the
United States on breast, arrows in right claw and
olive branch in left; in beak, a scroll inscribed
e pluribus - unum; about the head, thirteen stars
beneath an arch of clouds. Reeded edge. Size, 13.

Coins of same design as No. 888, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1798 to 1807, except 1806,

763°— 28 5

64 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

896-7. Dime, 1809. Obv. Around, ★★★★★★★
— ★★★★★★ Draped bust of Liberty, to
left, with hair falling loosely about neck and shoulders,
wearing a liberty cap, on the band of which is lib-
erty; below, 1809. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. An eagle, with wings displayed in-
verted, bearing shield of the United States on breast,
olive branches in right claw and three arrows in left;
above, on a scroll, e pluribus unum; below, 10 C.
Size, 12.

Coins of same design as No. 896, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1809 to 1837, except in 1812, 1813,
1815 to 1819, 1824, and 1826.

917-18. Dime, 1837. Obv. Liberty, wearing Greek chiton,
with neck and arms bare, seated to right upon a rock,
her head turned to left; she holds in left hand a pole
surmounted by liberty cap, the right hand supporting
the shield of the United States; on a scroll across the
shield, liberty; below, 1837. Rev. UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA. Within an olive wreath, one | dime.
Edge, reeded. Size, llj^- By Gobrecht. Obverse
type is similar to the Dollar, No. 570.

919. Dime, 1838. Similar to No. 917, but reading one |

dime | o | (New Orleans Mint) within wreath on
obverse.

920. Dime, 1838. Similar to No. 917, but with thirteen stars

on the obverse.

Coins of same design as No. 920, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1838 to 1860.

936. Dime, 1853. Similar to No. 920, but with an arrow-

head at each side of the date. Wt., 38.4 grs.

937. Dime, 1854. Similar to No. 936, except date.

938. Dime, 1855. Similar to No. 936, except date.

939. Dime, 1856. Similar to No. 920, except date (the

arrowheads of No. 936 being omitted).

944. Dime, 1860. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMER-
ICA. Liberty seated, as No. 917. Rev. one | dime |
within a wreath of oak and corn.

Coins of same design as No. 944, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1860 to 1891.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 65

958. Dime, 1873. Similar to No. 944, but with arrow-head

at each side of date. Wt. 2.500 grams.

959. Dime, 1874. Similar to No. 958, except date.

960. Dime, 1875. Similar to No. 944, except date (the

arrow-heads of No. 958 omitted).

977. Dime, 1892. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Head of Liberty to right, wearing liberty cap with
laurel over the cap; in front hair, a ribbon inscribed
liberty; below, 1892. Rev. one | dime | within a
wreath of oak, corn and wheat. Size, 11^.

Coins of same design as No. 977, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1892 to 1916.

Dime, 1916. Obv. Bust of Liberty to left, wearing winged
cap; at top, around border, LIBERTY; in lower left
field, in -god | we ‘Trust; in lower right field, 1916.
Rev. A fasces vertically in center, entwined with
olive branch; around border, U N IT ED -STATES*
0 F* A M ERICA^ ON E — DIME^; lower right field,
e. pluribus I UNUM. Edge reeded. Size, llj^.
Models by A. A. Weinman.

Coins of same design as above, but bearing the year in which
made, issued from 1916 to 1928, except in 1922.

996. Half-dime, 1794. Obv. ★★★★★★★★LI BERTY**

★ ★★★★• Bust of Liberty, with long flowing
hair, to right; below, 1 794. Rev. UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA. An eagle with wings displayed,
standing upon a rock, the head turned to right, within
a wreath of laurel branches; scallop pattern on borders.
Edge, reeded. Size, 10; wt., 20.8 grs.

997. Half-dime, 1795. Similar to No. 996, except date.

998. Half-dime, 1796. Sim lar to No. 996, except date.

999. Half-dime, 1797. Obv. LIBERTY. Draped bust of

Liberty to right, with long loose hair, two side locks
drawn back and tied with a ribbon; around, fifteen
stars, grouped eight to left and seven to right, and
1797 beneath. Rev. Similar to No. 996, but with
wreath of olive and palm branches.

66 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1000. Half-dime, 1797. Similar to No. 999, blit with thirteen
stars, grouped seven to left and six to right.

1001. Half-dime, 1800. Obv. Similar to No. 1000. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle dis-
played, with shield of United States on breast, thirteen
arrows in right claw and olive branch in left; in beak,
a scroll on which is e pluribus unum; about the head
thirteen stars beneath an arch of clouds. Edge,
reeded. Size, 10 3/2 ; wt., 20.8 grs.

Coins of same design as No. 1001, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1800 to 1805, except 1804.

1006. Half-dime, 1829. Obv. Around, ★ ik ★ ★ it ★ ★ —
★ ★★★★★• Draped bust of Liberty to left,
the hair falling loosely about neck and shoulders, with
liberty cap, the band of which is inscribed liberty;
below, 1829. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An eagle, with wings displayed inverted, bearing
United States shield on breast; olive branches in right
claw and three arrows in left; above, a scroll inscribed
e pluribus unum; below, 5 C. Edge, reeded. Size, 10.

Coins of same design as No. 1006, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1829 to 1835.

1013. Half-dime, 1835. Similar to No. 1006, but with smaller
figures in date.

1014. Half-dime, 1836. Similar to No. 1013, except date.

1015. Half-dime, 1837. Similar to No. 1013, except date.

1016-17. Half-dime, 1837. Obv. Liberty, wearing Greek
chiton, with neck and arms bare, seated to right upon a
rock, her head turned to left; she holds in left hand a
pole surmounted by liberty cap, the right hand sup-
porting the shield of the United States; on a scroll
across the shield, liberty; below, 1 837. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. Within an olive wreath,
half | dime. Edge, reeded. (Obverse type is simi-
lar to the Dollar, No. 570.) Size, 10.

1018. Half-dime, 1838. Similar to No. 1016, but with half |
dime | o | (New Orleans Mint) within wreath on

reverse.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 67

1019. Half-dime, 1838. Similar to No. 1016, but with thir-
teen stars on obverse and dated 1838.

Coins of same design as No. 1019, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1838 to 1860.

1036. Half-dime, 1853. Similar to No. 1019, but with
arrow-heads at sides of date. Size, 10; wt., 19.2.

1037. Half-dime, 1854. Similar to No. 1036, except date.

1038. Half-dime, 1855. Similar to No. 1036, except date.

1039. Half-dime, 1856. Similar to No. 1019, except date,

the arrow-heads of No. 1036 being omitted.

1043. Half-dime, 1860. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Liberty as No. 1016. Rev. half | dime
within wreath of oak and corn.

Coins of same design as No. 1043, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1860 to 1873.

1057. Three-cents, 1851. Obv. UNITED STATES OF

AMERICA. Shield of the United States on a six-
pointed star; below, 1851. Rev. Roman numeral III
within the letter C; around, thirteen stars. Edge,
plain. Size, 9; wt., 11.52 grs.

1058. Three-cents, 1852. Similar to No. 1057, except date.

1059. Three-cents, 1853. Similar to No. 1057, except date.

1060. Three-cents, 1854. Types sirn lar to No. 1057, but

larger star on obverse, and on reverse a sprig of olive
above, and three arrows beneath, the numeral 1 1 1
within the letter C.

1061-79. Three-cents, 1855-1873 Similar to No. 1060,

except dates.

NICKEL

1080-1. Five-cents, 1866. Obv. Garnished shield of the
United States, with olive branch hanging from the
top and down each side; back of the base, two arrows,
crossed; above, IN GOD WE TRUST; below, 1866.

68 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Numeral
5 within a circle of thirteen stars interspersed with
thirteen rays; below, CENTS. Edge, plain. Size, 13.

1082. Five-cents, 1867. Similar to No. 1080, except date.

1083. Five-cents, 1867. Similar to No. 1080, but with
numeral 5 within a circle of thirteen stars.

1084-99. Five-cents, 1868-1883, except 1877. Similar to
No. 1083, except date.

1100. Five-cents, 1883. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
fillet inscribed liberty, and with cotton bolls and
wheat heads in hair; around, thirteen stars; below,
1883. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Roman numeral V within wreath of cotton and corn;
below, e pluribus unum. Size, 14 By C. E.
Barber.

1101. Five-cents, 1883. Similar to No 1100 but with
e pluribus unum above and CENTS below the
wreath.

Coins of same design as No. 1101, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1883 to 1912.

Five-cents, 1913. Obv. Head of American Indian to right;
in upper right field, parallel with border, LIBERTY ;
on shoulder, 1913. Rev. Buffalo to left; at top,
around border, U N ITED . STATES .OF .AM ERluA ;
in upper right field, e | pluribus | unum; in exergue,
FIVE CENTS. Edge, plain. Size, 13 }/£. Models
by J. E. Fraser.

Coins of same design as above, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1913 to 1928, except 1922.

1129. Three-cents, 1865. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Head of Liberty to left, with diadem,
on which is liberty. Rev. Roman numeral 1 1 1
within an olive wreath. Edge, plain. Size, 11.

1130-53. Three-cents, 1866-1889, except 1877. Similar to
No. 1129, except dates.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 69

COPPER AND BRONZE
BRONZE

1154. Two cents, 1864. Obv. Garnished shield of the United
States over two arrows in saltire; olive branches hang
from the top and down sides of the shield; on a scroll
above, in god - we - trust; below, 1864. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within a
wreath of wheat, 2 | cents. Size, 14.

1155-63. Two cents, 1865-1873. Similar to No. 1154, except
dates.

COPPER

1164. Cent, 1793. Obv. LIBERTY. Bust of Liberty to
right, with loose, flowing hair; below, 1793. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A chain of
fifteen links encircling one | cent | jfo. Plain bor-
ders. Edge partly reeded, partly adorned wTith a vine.
Size, 18.

1164a. Cent, 1793. Similar to No. 1164, butreading UN ITED
STATES OF AM ERI. on reverse.

1165. Cent, 1793. Obv. Similar to No. 1164, but bust is
longer, and below, three olive leaves on a stem that
is turned to right. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Within a wreath, one | cent; beneath
the wreath, j-^; beaded borders. Size, 17 3/2.

1166. Cent, 1793. Similar to No. 1165, but the stem of the
olive twig is turned to left. Size, 17.

1167. Cent, 1793. Obv. LIBERTY. Bust of Liberty to

right, a liberty pole surmounted by cap over left
shoulder; below, 1793. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Within an olive wreath, one | cent;
below, beaded borders. Edge, one hundred

for a dollar. Size, 18.

1168. Cent, 1794. Similar to No. 1167, except date.

1169. Cent, 1795. Similar to No. 1167, except date.

1170. Cent, 1795. Similar to No. 1167, but with a smaller
and more compact wreath, reeded borders, and a plain
edge. Size, 19.

70 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1171. Cent, 1796. Similar to No. 1170, except date.

1172. Cent, 1796. Obv. LIBERTY (the letter B over an
H). Draped bust of Liberty to right, with long hair
falling on neck and back and two side locks drawn
back and tied with a ribbon; below, 1796. Rev.
Similar to No. 1167.

1173. Cent, 1797. Similar to No. 1172, but the word
LIBERTY written without error.

Coins of same design as No. 1173, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1797 to 1808.

1177. Cent, 1801. Similar to No. 1173, but reading II N IT ED
in the legend on the reverse; and beneath the wreath,

i

wo-

1186—87. Cent, 1808. Obv. Around,

★★★ Bust of Liberty to left, with fillet inscribed
liberty; below, 1808. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Within a wreath of a single laurel
branch, one | cent. Size, 18.

Coins of same design as No. 1186, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1808 to 1814.

1194. Cent, 1816. Obv. Around, ★★★★★★★★★★★★*

Bust of Liberty to left, with hair knotted at back of
head, and with fillet inscribed liberty; below, 1816.
Rev. Similar to No. 1186. Size, 18.

1196. Cent, 1817. Similar to No. 1194, but with fifteen stars
on the obverse.

Coins of same design as No. 1194, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1816 to 1836, except 1823.

1217. Cent, 1836. Similar to No. 1194, but the head of Lib-
erty has been retouched, and slightly improved; the
fillet in hair is broader than on earlier type.

Coins of same design as No. 1217, but bearing the year in
■which made, issued from 1836 to 1840.

1221. Cent, 1840. Similar to No. 1217, but the head of Lib-
erty is smaller, the neck is longer, and the lock of hair
which is turned under the bust is brought further for-
ward. Size, 18.

Coins of same design as No. 1221, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1840 to 1857.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 7 1

NICKEL BRONZE

1239. Cent, 1857. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An eagle flying to left; below, 1 857. Rev. one | cent |
within a wreath of corn, wheat, and cotton. Size, 12;
wt., 72 grs.

1240. Cent, 1858. Similar to No. 1239, except date.

1241. Cent, 1859. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMER-

ICA. An Indian head to left, with feather bonnet, on
band of which is liberty; below, 1859. Rev. one
cent | within an olive wreath. By Longaere. Size,
12.

1242. Cent, 1860. Obv. Similar to No. 1241. Rev. one |
cent | within an oak wreath, with three arrows in-
serted under the ribbon that binds the two branches of
the wreath; above, between the ends of the branches,
shield of the United States. Size, 12.

Coins of same design as No. 1242, but bearing the year
in which made, issued from 1860 to 1864.

BRONZE

1247. Cent, 1864. Types similar to No. 1242, but thinner
and lighter, and dated 1864. Wt., 48 gr^.

1248-93. Cents, 1865-1909. Similar to No. 1247, except
dates.

1294. Cent, 1909. Obv. Bust of Abraham Lincoln to right;
above, IN GOD WE TRUST; to left, liberty; to
right, 1909. Rev. ONE | CENT | united STATES I OF
America | between two wheat heads; above, E PLURI-
BUS UNUM;; below, on margin, v. d. b. (Victor D.
Brenner)

1295. Cent, 1909. Similar to No. 1294, except date.

1296. Cent, 1909. Similar to No. 1294, but initial v. d. b.
omitted from reverse.

Coins of same design as No. 1296, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1909 to 1928.

72 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1298. Half-cent, 1793. Obv. LIBERTY. Bust of Liberty to

left, with long, loose hair; over right shoulder, pole sur-
mounted by liberty cap; below, 1793. Rev. UNITED
STATES. OF AMERICA. Within a wreath of olive,
half | cent; below wreath, Edge, two hun-

dred for a dollar. Size, 14.

1299. Half-cent, 1793. Similar to No. 1298, except for minor
variations in the wreath.

1300. Half-cent, 1794. Obv. LIBERTY. Bust of Liberty to

right, with long, loose hair; over left shoulder, pole sur-
mounted by liberty cap; below, 1794, in large figures
placed near bust. Rev. Similar to No. 1298, but the
wreath is larger, and less compact; the ends of the rib-
bon uniting the branches are symmetrically arranged
about the fraction Edge as No. 1298.

1301. Half-cent, 1794. Similar to No. 1300, but date is
smaller and placed lower.

1302. Half-cent, 1795. Similar to No. 1300, except date.

1303. Half-cent, 1796. Similar to No. 1300, except date.

1304. Half-cent, 1797. Similar to No. 1300, except date.

1305. Half-cent, 1800. Obv. LIBERTY. Draped bust of

Liberty to right, with long, loose hair, two side locks
drawn back and tied with a ribbon; below, 1800.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within
an olive wreath, half | cent, and ^ beneath the
wreath. Size, 15.

1306. Half-cent, 1802. Similar to No. 1305, but with 2
over 0 in date.

1307-8. Half-cent, 1803. Similar to No. 1305, except date.

1309. Half-cent, 1804. Similar to No. 1305; the crossbar of
the numeral 4 has a perpendicular finishing stroke,
and the ends of the stems of the branches forming the
wreath are omitted.

1310. Half-cent, 1804. Similar to No. 1309, except date.

1311. Half-cent, 1805. Similar to No. 1309, except date.

1312. Half-cent, 1806. Similar to No. 1305, except date.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 73

1313-14. Half-cent, 1807. Similar to No. 1305, except date.

1315. Half-cent, 1808. Similar to No. 1305, except date.

1316. Half-cent, 1809. Obv. Around, —

★ ★★★★★ Bust of Liberty to left, with a fillet
inscribed liberty; below, 1809. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. Within a wreath of a
single laurel branch, half | cent. Size, 15.

Coins of same design as No. 1316, but bearing the year in
which made, issued in 1810, 1811, 1825, 1826, 1828, and
1829.

1323. Half-cent, 1831. Similar to No. 1316, but with
beaded border, a higher milling, and smaller figures
in the date.

Coins of same design as No. 1323, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1831 to 1836.

1329. Half-cent, 1840. Obv. Around,

★ ★★★ Bust of Liberty to left, with hair knotted
at back of head and with fillet, inscribed liberty; be-
low, 1840. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Within a wreath of a single laurel branch, half | cent.

Coins of same design as No. 1329, but bearing the year in
which made, issued from 1840 to 1857.

PATTERNS

\

1348. AV. Five-eagles ($50.00), 1877. Obv. Head of Liberty
to left, with beaded diadem inscribed liberty; a scroll
and trefoil ornament runs along base of diadem; the
hair, which is straight, in knot at back of head, with
large locks falling down neck; around, thirteen stars;
below, 1877. Beneath the head, B (William Barber).
Rev. Similar to the Double eagle of 1849, No. 92, but
reading FIFTY DOLLARS beneath the eagle on re-
verse. Edge, reeded. Size, 32; wt. 1,287.9 grs.
(normal weight 1,290 grs.). Unique.

1349. AV. Five-eagles ($50.00), 1877. Similar to No. 1348,
except that the head of Liberty is larger, the hair is
wavy, and the diadem is plain. Wt., 1,289.9 grs.
Unique.

1350. AE. Five-eagles ($50.00), 1877. Similar to No. 1348.

74 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1351. AV. Double-eagle, 1860. Similar to No. 92, the

Double eagle of 1849, but the oval of stars above the
eagle on reverse is lower and does not touch the rays.

1352. AV. Double-eagle, 1865. Similar to No. 92, but

within the oval of stars on reverse, in god we | trust.

1353. AE. Double-eagle, 1872. Obv. Head of Liberty to left,
with long loose* hair falling below neck, and with lib-
erty cap, on the band of which, liberty; around,
★★★★★★★★★★★★★; below, 1872. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle with
wings displayed inverted, the head turned to left, with
three arrows in right claw, the left upraised and grasp-
ing shield of the United States, across which falls a
scroll inscribed in god we trust; below, TWENTY
DOL. Edge, reeded. Size, 21}^. By W. Barber.
Nos. 1353, 1364, 1378, 1390, 1391, and 1396 form a
series with identical types.

1354. AE. Double-eagle, 1879. Obv. Head of Liberty similar
to No. 92, the Double eagle of 1849; around, ^ 30
★ G. 1.5 ic S. 3.5 ^ C ★ 35 -Ar G ★ R -A A ^
M ^ S below, 1879. Rev. Similar to No. 92, but
with deo est | gloria in the oval of stars above the
eagle, and below the eagle reading, TWENTY DOL-
LARS. Edge, reeded. Size, 22. Longacre.

1355. AV. Double-eagle, 1906. Obv. Draped bust of Liberty
to left, with liberty cap, on the band of which is lib-
erty; over the cap, branch of olive; around, thirteen
stars; below, 1906. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Columbia, standing, w th head turned
to left, holding liberty pole in left hand, the right rest-
ing upon a sword; behind, an eagle standing to right,
with wings upraised; about head of Columbia, rays
through which runs the motto in god we trust.
Edge, e*p*l*u*r*i*b*u*s*u*n*u*m*.
By C. E. Barber.

1356. AV. Double-eagle, 1907. Legends and types similar to
No. 151, but the types are in very high relief, the field
is concave, and without a raised border.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 75

1357-58. AV. Double-eagle, 1907. As last, but size 17, the
module of the Eagle. The only specimens of this
pattern.

1359. AE. Eagle, 1862. Types similar to No. 168, the Eagle
then coined, but above the eagle on reverse, god our
trust.

1360-61. AE. Eagle, 1862. Types as last, but the motto god
our trust is on a scroll. Size, 17.

1362. AV. Eagle, 1865. Types similar to last, but the scroll
has two folds and the motto reads in god - we - trust.

1363. AL. Eagle, 1868. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
diadem inscribed liberty; around, thirteen stars;
below, 1868. Rev. Similar to last.

1364. AE. Eagle, 1872. Similar to No. 1353, pattern of
Double eagle of same year.

1365. AE. Eagle, 1874. Proposed international coin. Obv.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Head of Lib-
erty to left, with a coronet adorned with five stars and
a jewel in front; on the coronet, liberty; the hair is
wavy and in flat knot at back of head; an olive branch
across the shoulder; below, 1874. Rev. In six com-
partments surrounded by rope, the value in six
national units:

DOLLARS

STERLING

MARKEN

KRONEN

GULDEN

10

£2.1.1

41.99

37.31

20.73

FRANCS

51.81

in the center, 16.72 | grams | 900 fine | ubique. Edge,
plain. Size, 22. By W. Barber.

1366. AE. Eagle, 1877. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
liberty cap, on the band of which is liberty; around,
E PLURIBUS UNUM; beneath, 1877. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed erect, an olive branch in the right claw
and three arrows in left; above, In uic trust;
below, TEN DOL. Beaded borders. Edge, reeded.
Size, 17. By Morgan.

76 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1367-8. AE. Eagle, 1878. Similar to last.

1369. AE. Eagle, 1878. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
liberty cap, on the broad band of which is liberty;
wheat heads over top of cap; around, ★★★★★★★
IN GOD WE TRUST below, 1878.

Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle,
with wings displayed erect, the left wing thrown
out farther than the right; olive branch in right, and
arrows in left, claw; above, e pluribus unum; below,
★ TEN DOLLARS. ★ Edge, reeded. W. Barber.

1370-1. AV. Eagle, 1907. Legends and types similar to the
Eagle, No. 238, but the border is not raised, and dots
between the words of the inscriptions and at the begin-
ning of the same. First impressions of the dies. By
Saint-Gaudens.

1372-3. AV. Eagle, 1907. Similar to last, but with a narrow
raised border.

1374. AE. Half-eagle, 1860. Obv. Bust of Liberty to right,
with liberty cap; on forehead, three stars; across
shoulder, a ribbon inscribed liberty; around, thirteen
stars; below, 1860. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AM ERICA. An eagle with wings displayed erect; on
breast, shield of the U. S.; an olive branch in right
claw and three arrows in the left; in beak, a scroll in-
scribed e pluribus unum; below, FIVE DOLLARS.
Edge, reeded. Size, 17^.

1375. AV. Half-eagle, 1865. Similar to the Eagle, No. 168
but on a scroll above eagle on reverse, in god - we -

TRUST.

1376-7. AL. Half-eagle (5 Dollars, or 25 Francs), 1868. Obv.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Bust of Liberty
to left, with fillet inscribed liberty; below, 1 868. Rev.
Within a wreath of laurel and oak, 5 | dollars | 25
francs. Edge, plain. Size, 17. By Paquet.

1378. AE. Half-eagle, 1872. Legends and types similar to
No. 1353, but reading FIVE DOL. beneath the eagle
on reverse. Edge, reeded. Size, 14.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 77

1379-80. AE. Half-eagle, 1878. Similar to the Eagle pattern
of 1877, No. 1366, but reading FIVE DOL. beneath
the eagle on reverse. Size, 14. By Morgan.

1381-2. AE. Half-eagle, 1878. Types similar to No. 1369,
but with the motto e pluribus | unum in two lines
above the eagle, and reading FIVE DOLLARS beneath
eagle. Edge, reeded. Size, 14.

1383-4. AE. Half-eagle, 1878. Obv. Head of Liberty to left,
with fillet inscribed liberty; her hair falls in ring-
lets on neck; around, E PLURIBUS UNUM; below,
1878. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An
eagle, with wings displayed inverted, grasping olive
branch in right claw and in left three arrows that
extend past the wing; below, FIVE DOLLARS. Edge,
reeded. Size, 16. By W. Barber.

1385-6. AE. Half-eagle, 1878. Obv. Head of Liberty to left,
with double fillet, the forward one inscribed lib-
erty; around, E PLURIBUS UNUM; below, 1878.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle,
with wings displayed inverted, grasping olive branch
in right and three short arrows in left claw; below,
FIVE DOLLARS. Edge, reeded. Size, 16. By
Morgan.

1387-8. AE. Half-eagle, 1878. Similar to the last, but in
curved line round over the eagle, in god we trust;
and reading FIVE DOL. below eagle. Edge, reeded.
Size, 16.

1389. AV. “Stella” (84.00), 1879. Obv. Head of Liberty to
left, with fillet inscribed liberty; the hair falls in
ringlets on neck; around, ^6^G^.3^S^.7^
C^7^G^R^A^M ★ S ★; below, 1879. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A five-pointed
star, on which one | stella | 400 | cents; above
(curved line), e pluribus unum; beneath star (curved
line), deo est gloria; below, FOUR DOL. Edge,
reeded. Size, 14. By C. E. Barber.

1390. AE. Three-dollars, 1872. Legends and types similar
to No. 1353, but reading THREE DOL. beneath
the eagle on reverse. Edge, reeded. Size, 13.

78

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1391. AE. Quarter-eagle ($2.50), 1872. Legends and types
similar to No. 1353, but reading 2J4 DOL. beneath
the eagle on reverse. Edge, reeded. Size, lljdz-

1392. AE. Quarter- eagle ($2.50), 1878. Legends and types
similar to No. 1385, but reading 2]/% DOLLARS
beneath the eagle on reverse. Edge, reeded. Size, 13.

1393. AV. Dollar, 1836. Obv. A liberty cap in a glory; the
band of the cap inscribed liberty. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. Within a palm wreath,
1 | D. Edge, plain. Size, 10.

1394. AV. Dollar, 1850. “Ring dollar.” Obv. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA and olive branches, round
a large central hole. Rev. Plain. Borders beaded.
Edge, reeded. Size, 11; wt., 26.3 grs.

1395. AR. Dollar, 1852. “Ring dollar.” Obv. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA 1852. A scroll ornament
about a central hole. Rev. DOLLAR; below, wreath.
Size, 10J/2-

1396. AE. Dollar, 1872. Legends and types similar to No.
1353, but reading ONE DOL. beneath the eagle on
reverse. Edge, reeded. Size, 10.

1397. AV. Half-dollar, 1850. “Ring” piece. Similar to No.
1394. Size, wt., 13 grs.

SILVER

1398. AR. Dollar, 1836. Obv. Liberty, wearing a Greek
chiton, the neck and arms bare, seated to right upon
a rock, her head turned to left; she holds pole sur-
mounted by liberty cap in left hand, her right sup-
porting shield of the U. S., across which falls a scroll
inscribed liberty; beneath the seat, gobrecht; be-
low, 1836. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An eagle flying to left; in field, twenty-six stars of
varying sizes; below, ONE DOLLAR. Edge, plain.
Size, 24. By Gobrecht.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

79

1399. AR. Dollar, 1838. Obv. Similar to No. 1398, but
thirteen stars around, and engraver’s name omitted.
Rev. Flying eagle as No. 1395, but no stars in field.
Edge, reeded.

1400. AR. Dollar, 1839. Similar to No. 1399, except date.

1401. AR. Dollar, 1865. Types similar to No. 570, the
Dollar then coined, but on a scroll above the eagle on
reverse, in god - we - trust.

1402. AR. Dollar, 1870. Obv. An Indian woman, wearing a
feather bonnet, seated to left on a globe; she holds
liberty pole surmounted by cap in right hand, the
left resting on the globe, which is inscribed liberty;
to right, two flags; around, thirteen stars; below,
1870. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An eagle with wings displayed, as No. 570; above,
on a scroll, in god - we - trust. Design in very
high relief. Edge, reeded. By Longacre.

1403. AR. Dollar, 1870. Obv. Liberty, wearing Greek chiton,
seated to left, her right hand supporting shield
of U. S., and holding a ribbon inscribed liberty;
in the left, an olive branch; in background stands a lib-
erty pole surmounted by cap; around, thirteen stars;
below, 1870. Rev. As No. 1402. Edge, reeded. By
W. Barber. Nos. 1403, 1462, 1486, 1510, and 1519
form a series with identical types except reverses of
Dime and Half-dime.

1404. AR. Dollar, 1871. Obv. Similar to No. 1402. Rev.

1 | DOLLAR within a wreath of corn and cotton;
above, standard. Edge, reeded. By Longacre.
Nos. 1404, 1463, 1487, 1511, and 1520 form a series
with identical types except reverses of Dime and
Half-dime. *

1405. AE. Dollar, 1872. ' Commercial dollar. Obv. Similar to
No. 1402, but the relief of the type is lower. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within an olive
wreath, commercial | dollar | 420 grains | 900 fine;
on a ribbon uniting the branches, god — our — trust.
Edge, reeded.

763°— 28 6

80 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

Nos. 140 6 to 141 6 are 'patterns submitted for the Trade dollar,

1873

1406. AR. I. Dollar, 1873. Obv. Similar to No. 1402, but with
type in lower relief. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. A small eagle, wings displayed inverted,
the head turned to right; in right claw, three arrows,
and an olive branch in the left; above, on a scroll,
e | pluribus I unum; below, 420 GRAINS I 900 FINE,
beneath which is a scroll inscribed in god - we - trust;
below, ^ TRADE DOLLAR^. Edge, reeded. By
Longacre.

1407. AE. Dollar, 1873. Similar to No. 1406.

1408. AR. II. Dollar, 1873. Obv. Liberty, wearing Greek
chiton, with beaded diadem, seated to left upon a globe
on which is liberty, holding liberty pole in right
hand, her left resting upon the globe; at her feet, to
left, bale of goods; behind, plow and sheaf of grain;
around, above, thirteen stars; beneath, 1873. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed inverted, grasping in right claw three
long arrows which project past the wing, the left
upraised and holding a shield of the U. S., across
which falls a ribbon inscribed in god we trust; in
beak of eagle, a scroll inscribed e pluribus unum;
beneath, 420 grains 900 fine, and below, on margin,
★ TRADE DOLLAR Edge, reeded. By W.
Barber.

1409. AE. Dollar, 1873. Similar to No. 1408.

1410. AR. III. Dollar, 1873. Obv. Head of Liberty, to left,
with beaded diadem, on wTiich is liberty; the hair in
a knot at back of head and secured by a comb; around,
above, thirteen stars; below, 1873. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. Within an olive wreath,

TRADE I DOLLAR | . | 420 GRAINS | 900 FINE; Over

the stems of the branches forming the wreath, a ribbon
inscribed in god - we - trust. Edge, reeded. By
W. Barber.

1411. AE. Dollar, 1873. Similar to No. 1410.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 81

1412. AR. IV. Dollar, 1873. Obv. Liberty, with diadem,
wearing Greek chiton, seated to left on a bale of
goods by the sea; in right hand she extends an olive
branch, her left, which hangs by her side, holds a scroll
inscribed liberty; behind, a sheaf of grain; beneath,
on a scroll, in god we trust; around, above, thirteen
stars; below, 1873. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AM ERICA. An eagle with wings displayed inverted,
the head turned to left, grasping olive branch in right
claw, three long arrows in left; in beak, a scroll in-
scribed e pluribus - unum; beneath, 420 grains, 900
fine; below, on margin, TRADE DOLLAR. Edge,
reeded. By W. Barber.

1413. AE. Dollar, 1873. Similar to No. 1412.

1414. AR. V. Dollar, 1873. Obv. Liberty, wearing Greek
chiton, seated to left on a globe, on which is liberty;
to left, an olive branch upon bales of goods; to right,
sheaf of grain; around, thirteen stars; below, 1873.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A small
eagle, rising, with olive branch in right claw and arrows
in left, upon a shield of the U. S. ; above, e pluribus
unum; beneath eagle, a scroll inscribed in god we
trust; below the scroll, 420 grains | 900 fine; beneath,
900, on margin, TRADE DOLLAR By Badly.

1415. AE. Dollar, 1873. Similar to No. 1414.

1416. AR. VI. Dollar, 1873. Obv. Female head to left, with

hair in tight flat knot at back of head ; in hair a chap-
let of ivy, and star on forehead; around, above, thir-
teen stars; below, 1873. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Eagle as No. 1408; above, e pluribus
unum; beneath, 420 grains 900 fine; below, on margin,
★ TRADE DOLLAR Edge, reeded. By

Badly & Barber.

1417. AE. Dollar. 1873. Similar to No. 1416.

82 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

Nos. I4.1 8 to i486 are 'patterns submitted jor a new coinage of
the silver Dollar which appeared in 1878.

1418. AR. Dollar, 1878. Obv. ******* IN GOD WE
TRUST it*****. Head of Liberty to left, with
beaded diadem inscribed liberty; below, 1878. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed inverted, the head turned to left; in
right claw, olive branch, in left, three arrows; above,
in curved line over the eagle, v pint thus unurn ; below,
★0 NE DOLLAR^. Edge, reeded. By Wm. Barber.
1419-20. AE. Dollar, 1878. Similar to No. 1418.

1421. AR. Dollar, 1878. Types similar to No. 611, except that
the olive branch in right claw of the eagle has but
three leaves. By Morgan.

1422-3. AE. Dollar, 1878. As No. 1421. Edge, reeded.
1424-5. AR. Dollar, 1878. ‘‘Goloid dollar.” Obv. * * * *
*** E PLURIBUS UNUM ★ ★★★★★.
Head of Liberty to left, with liberty cap, on the broad
band of which is liberty; cotton bolls and wheat
heads are inserted under the band; below, 1878.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within a
circle of stars, goloid | 1 — g | 24 — s. | .9 fine
| 258 grs. |; below, ONE DOLLAR. Beaded border.
Edge, reeded. Size, 21. By W. Barber.

1428. AR. Dollar, 1878. Obv. Similar to No. 1424. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within a circle
of stars, goloid. | metric. | 1 — g | 16.1 - s. | 1.9 c.
grams 14.25 |; below, 100 CENTS. Edge, reeded.
Size, 21. By W. Barber.

1427. AE. Dollar, 1878. Obv. Similar to No. 1424. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AM ERICA. Within a wreath,

GOLOID I . | 1 GOLD. | 24 SILVER. | .9 FINE. | 258

grs. | ; below, ^ONE DOLLAR^. Edge, reeded.
By W. Barber.

1428. AR. Dollar, 1879. Obv. Similar to No. 1424. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within a circle
of stars, 15.3 - G. | 236.7 - s. | 28 — c. | 14 grams |;
without the circle of stars, above, goloid metric dol-
lar; below, deo est gloria | * 1 00 CENTS^. Edge,
reeded. Size, 21. By W. Barber.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 83

1429. Dollar, 1879. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with fillet
inscribed liberty; around ★★★★★★★ IN GOD
WE TRUST ★ *★★★★; below, 1879. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle with
wings displayed inverted, the head turned to left, olive
branch in right claw and three arrows in the left;
above, e pluribus unum; the whole within an olive
wreath; below, ONE DOLLAR. Edge, reeded. By
W. Barber.

1430. AR. Dollar, 1879. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
fillet inscribed liberty; the hair falls on neck and is
tied back by a ribbon; necklace of pearls; around, jf'k
E PLURIBUS ★★★★★★★ UNUM ★★★★;
below, 1879. Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An eagle with wings upraised, standing to left upon
a tablet flanked with (left) olive and (right) arrows;
on the tablet, in . god . | we . trust; below, ONE
DOLLAR. Edge, reeded. By Morgan.

•

1431. AR. Dollar, 1879. Obv. Similar to No. 611. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed inverted, the head turned to left, an
olive branch in right claw and three arrows in the left;
below, ONE DOLLAR. Edge, reeded. By Morgan,
and Barber.

1432. AR. Dollar, 1879. Similar to No. 1431, but in curved
line round over the eagle, in god we trust.

1433. AR. Dollar, 1879. Obv. Similar to No. 611. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed inverted, the head turned to left, a,
long olive branch in right claw and three long arrows 1
in the left; above, e pluribus unum; below, -fa ONE
DOLLAR^. Edge, reeded. By Morgan.

1434. AR. Dollar, 1879. Similar to No. 611.

1435. AR. Dollar, 1879. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
fillet inscribed liberty; wheat heads inserted under
the fillet; hair is wavy and in loose knot on back of
head; around, ★★★★★★★ IN GOD WE TRUST
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ; below, 1879. Rev. UNITED STATES

84

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

OF AMERICA. An eagle with wings displayed in-
verted, the head turned to left, a long olive branch in
light claw, and three Jong arrows in left; the left wing
higher than right, and latter extends to border; above,
round eagle, e pluribus unum. Below, ONE DOL-
LAR. By C. E. Barber.

1436. AR. Dollar, 1879. Obv. Head of Liberty to left
with beaded diadem inscribed liberty; around,
★★★★★★* E PLURIBUS UNUM ★★****;
below, 1879. Rev. U N ITED STATES OF AM ERICA.
Within a wreath of wheat, corn, and cotton, a beaded
circle inclosing, 895 . 8 s. | 4 . 2 - G. | 100 - c | (curved) 25
grams |; above, on a tablet, deo est gloria; below,
ONE DOLLAR. Edge, reeded. By W. Barber.

1437. AR. Dollar, 1882. Obv. Head of Liberty to right, with
a fillet inscribed liberty; the hair drawn forward
tightly on top of head, and falls loosely on neck; an ear-
ring with small shield of U. S. as pendant; around,
★★★★★★ E. PLURIBUS. UNUM*******;
below, 1882. Rev. UNITED STATES OFAMERICA.
An eagle rising to right, olive branch in right claw
and three arrows in the left ; below, *ONEDOLLAR.*
Edge, reeded. By Morgan.

1438. AR. Dollar, 1885. Similar to No. 611. Edge,

E * PLURIBUS * UNUM ★ ★★★★★★★★★*. By

Morgan.

1439. Platinum. Half-dollar, 1814. Legends and t}7pes simi-
lar to No. 660, the Half dollar of 1807, except date.

1440. AR. Half-dollar, 1838. Similar to No. 1398, but read-
ing HALF DOLLAR beneath the eagle on reverse.
Edge, reeded. Size, 19.

1441. AR. Half-dollar, 1838. Obv. Similar to No. 1398.
Rev. An eagle, with wings displayed, the head turned
to right; an olive branch in right claw and four
arrows in the left; below, HALF DOLLAR. Edge,
reeded. Size, 19.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 85

1442. AR. Half-dollar, 1838. Obv. Draped bust of Liberty
to left, with diadem, and a ribbon in hair inscribed
liberty; around, thirteen stars; below, 1838. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed inverted, the head turned to left; on
breast, shield of U. S. ; olive branch in right claw and
three arrows in the left; below, HALF DOL. Edge,
reeded.

1443. AR. Half-dollar, 1839. Obv. Bust of Liberty to right,
with diadem inscribed liberty; hair knotted at back
of head with lock falling on the shoulder; around,
thirteen stars; below, 1839. Rev. Similar to No. 1442.
Edge, reeded.

1444-5. AR. Half-dollar, 1859. Obv. Liberty, with Greek
chiton, seated to left; her right hand resting on con-
sular fasces, the left upon the shield of the U. S.;
around, thirteen stars; below, 1859. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with wings dis-
played inverted, the head turned to left; on breast, the
shield of the U. S. ; olive branch in right claw and
three arrows in the left; in beak, a scroll inscribed
e pluribus unum; below, HALF DOLLAR. Edge,
reeded.

1446-7. AR. Half-dollar, 1859. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Bust of Liberty to right, with chaplet
of oak leaves; about neck and shoulders, a ribbon in-
scribed liberty; below, 1859. Rev. i/2|dollar|
within a wreath of oak and corn. Edge, reeded.
Size, 19J/2.

1448. AR. Half-dollar, 1859. Obv. Similar to No. 1446.
Rev. 50 1 cents within a wreath of oak and corn.
Edge, reeded.

1449. AR. Half-dollar, 1859. Similar to No. 1448, but reading
half | dollar within the wreath on reverse. Edge,
reeded.

1450. AR. Half-dollar, 1862. Types similar to No. 570 — the

seated Liberty and eagle — but above the eagle on
reverse, god our trust. Edge, reeded.

86 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1451. AR. Half-dollar, 1862. Similar to last, but the motto
is on a scroll.

1452. AR. Half-dollar, 1865. As No. 696, but on a scroll
above the eagle on reverse, in god - we - trust.

1453. AR. Half-dollar, 1869. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Draped bust of Liberty to right, with
fillet inscribed liberty; a star on forehead, the hair
falling in heavy locks on neck; beneath, on a scroll,
in god we trust. Rev. STANDARD SILVER.
Within a wreath of oak and olive, 50 | cents; below,
1869. Edge, reeded. By W. Barber.

1454. AR. Half-dollar, 1869. As last, but edge plain.

1455. AR. Half-dollar, 1869. Similar to No. 1453, but Liberty
has a plain diadem instead of the star on forehead.
Edge, reeded. Size, 18. W. Barber.

1456. AR. Half-dollar, 1869. As last, but edge plain.

1457. AR. Half-dollar, 1869. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Draped bust of Liberty to right, with
Phrygian cap and two stars on forehead; front hair
thrown back over edge of the cap; two large curls
hang down the back and third curl is brought forward
over right shoulder; over the hair and neck, a ribbon
inscribed liberty, and on a fold of the ribbon, B
(Barber) ; beneath, a scroll inscribed in god we trust.
Rev. STANDARD SILVER. Within a wreath of oak
and olive, 50 | cents; below, 1869. Edge, reeded.
Size, 18. By W. Barber.

1458. AR. Half-dollar, 1869. As last, but edge plain.

1459. AR. Half-dollar, 1870. Obv. Similar to No. 1453. Rev.
50 | cents | 1870 | within a wreath of wheat, corn, and
cotton; above, STANDARD. Edge, reeded. Size,
18/42- By W. Barber.

1460. AR. Half-dollar, 1870. Obv. Similar to No. 1455. Rev.
As No. 1459. Edge, reeded.

1461. AR. Half-dollar, 1870. Obv. Similar to No. 1457. Rev.
As No. 1459. Edge, reeded. By W. Barber.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 87

1462. AR. Half-dollar, 1870. Similar to No. 1403, but

reading HALF DOL. beneath the eagle on reverse.
Edge, reeded.

1463. AR. Half-dollar, 1871. Similar to No. 1404, but

reading 50 | cents within the wreath on reverse.
Edge, reeded. Size, 18}^.

AE. Half-dollar, 1877. Obv. ★ ★★★★★★in god we

trust ★ ★★★★★ Bust of Liberty to left, her
hair in knot at back of head, and wearing diadem
inscribed LIBERTY; below, 1877; beaded border.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Eagle dis-
played, shield of U. S. on breast, olive branch in r.
and arrows in 1. claw; in field, between wings (curved
line), e pluribus unum; below, HALF DOLLAR.
Reeded edge. Size 19.

1464. AR. Half-dollar, 1879. Obv. Similar to No. 611, but
around, ★ E PLURIBUS ★ ★★★★★★★
UNUM ★ ★ ★ ★ 1879. Rev. Similar to No. 1432,
but with the motto in god w’e trust in a curved line
beneath the eagle; below, HALF DOLLAR. Edge,
reeded. Size, 19j/£. By Morgan and W. Barber.

1465. AR. Half-dollar, 1879. Obv. Head similar to No. 611,
but around, ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ E PLURIBUS
UNUM ★ ★★★★★ 1879. Rev. Similar to No.
1464. By Morgan and Barber.

1466. AR. Half-dollar, 1879. Similar to No. 1435, but

reading HALF DOLLAR beneath the eagle on

reverse. Edge, reeded.

1467. AR. Half-dollar, 1882. Similar to No. 1437, but

reading HALF DOLLAR on the reverse. Edge,

reeded.

1468. AR. Half-dollar, 1891. Pattern of the Half dollar of
1892, No. 754. By C. E. Barber.

1469. AR. Half-dollar, 1891. Similar to the last, but with
an arch of clouds above the eagle on reverse. Edge,
reeded.

88 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1470-1. AR. Half-dollar, 1891. Similar to No. 1469, but
type of reverse is smaller, the olive branch has a
secondary branch, and the motto on the scroll in
beak of eagle is disposed: e plu - ribus unum.
Edge, reeded.

1472-3. AR. Half-dollar, 1891. Obv. Similar to No. 754, the
Half dollar of 1892. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Within an oak wreath, a device similar
to No. 1470, except that the olive branch is single.
Edge, reeded.

1474—5. AR. Half-dollar, 1892. Obv. L^l

E*R*T*Y ★★*. Columbia, standing, with a
large eagle standing to right behind her, as No. 1355;
below, 1891. Rev. Similar to No. 1472, but the eagle
is smaller and there are rays above the arch of clouds.
By C. E. Barber.

1476. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1865. Similar to No. 802, but
above eagle on reverse, in god - we - trust, and dated
1865.

1477. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1869. Legends and types similar
to No. 1453, but reading 25 | cents | within the
wreath on reverse. Edge, reeded. Size, 14.

1478. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1869. Similar to No. 1477, but
with plain edge.

1479. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1869. Similar to No. 1455, but
reading 25 | cents | within wreath on reverse.

1480. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1869. Similar to No. 1479, but
with plain edge.

1481. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1869. Types and legends similar
to No. 1457, but reading 25 | cents | within wreath
on reverse. Edge, reeded.

1482. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1869. Similar to No. 1481, but
with plain edge.

1483. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1870. Similar to No. 1459, but
reading 25 | cents | 1870 | within wreath on reverse.
Edge, reeded. Size, 14)^.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 89

1484. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1870. Similar to No. 1460, but
reading 25 | cents | 1870 | within wreath on reverse.
Edge, reeded. Size, 14 J/£.

1485. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1870. Similar to No. 1461, but
reading 25 | cents | 1870 | within the wreath on
reverse.

1486. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1870. Similar to No. 1403, but
reading QUAR. DOL on reverse.

1487. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1871. Similar to No. 1404, but
reading 25 | cents | within the wreath on reverse.
Edge, reeded. Size, 14 3/2.

1488. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1879. Obv. Similar to No. 1430.
Rev. Similar to No! 1464, but reading QUARTER
DO LLA R beneath the eagle on reverse. Edge, reeded.
Size, 15.

1489. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1879. Legends and types similar
to No. 1435, but reading QUAR. DOLLAR beneath
the eagle on reverse. Edge, reeded.

1490. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1882. Similar to No. 1437, but
reading QUARTER DOLLAR on reverse.

1491-2. AR. Quarter-dollar, 1891. Legends and types simi-
lar to No. 1469, but reading QUARTER DOLLAR
beneath eagle on reverse. Edge, reeded.

1493. AR. Twenty-cents, 1874. Obv. Similar to No. 1414.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle
with wings displayed inverted, the head turned to
right, three arrows in right claw and an olive branch
in the left; below, TWENTY CENTS. Edge, plain.
Size, 14.

1494. AE. Dime, 1792. Obv. LIBERTY PARENT OF
SCIENCE & INDUS. Bust of Liberty, with loose
hair, to left; below, 1792. Rev. UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA. An eagle flying to left; below,
DISM E. Size, 143^.

90 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1495- 6. AR. Dime, 1863. Obv. EXCHANGE FOR-U. S.

NOTES. Shield of the United States on two arrows
in saltire, within laurel wreath. Rev. POSTAGE
CURRENCY — ACT JULY 1862. In field, 10 | cents |
1863. Edge, plain. Size, 11.

1496- 7. AL. Dime, 1863. Legends and types similar to No.

1495.

1498. AE. Dime, 1863. Similar to No. 1495.

1498-9. AL. Dime, 1868. Obv. Similar to No. 1495, but read-
ing EXCHANGED, etc. Rev | one | dime | 1868 |
within a wreath of oak and corn. By Longacre.

1500. AE. Dime, 1868. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with a
diadem inscribed liberty; around, thirteen stars, and
date below the head. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Within an olive wreath, ten | cents.
Edge, plain. Size, 17. By Longacre.

1501. AR. Dime, 1869. Types and legends similar to No.
1453, but reading 10 | cents | within wreath on reverse.
Edge, reeded. Size, 10 34

1502. AR. Dime, 1869. Similar to No. 1501, but with plain

edge.

1503. AR. Dime, 1869. Similar to No. 1455, but reading 10 |
cents | within wreath on reverse. Edge, reeded.

1504. AR. Dime, 1869. Similar to No. 1503, but with plain

edge.

1505. AR. Dime, 1869. Similar to No. 1457, but reading 10 |
cents | within wreath on reverse. Edge, reeded.

1506. AR. Dime, 1869. Similar to No. 1505, but with plain

edge.

1507. AR. Dime, 1870. Similar to No. 1459, but reading 10 |
cents | within wreath on reverse. Edge, reeded. Size,

1034

1508. AR. Dime, 1870. Similar to No. 1460, but reading 10 |
cents | 1870 | within wreath on reverse.

1509. AR. Dime, 1870. Similar to No. 1461, but reading 10 |
cents | 1870 | within wreath on reverse. Edge, reeded.
Size, 1034

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 91

1510. AR. Dime, 1870. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Type of Liberty as on No. 1403. Rev.
one | dime | within wreath of oak and corn. Edge,
reeded. Size, 11}^.

1511. AR. Dime, 1871. Similar to No. 1404, but reading 10 |
cents | within wreath on reverse. Edge, reeded. Size,

UK-

1512-13. AR. Dime, 1879. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Head of Liberty as on No. 611; below,
1879. Rev. Within a beaded circle, one | dime; above,
e pluribus unum in curved line and below, thirteen
stars; on border, corn and cotton. Edge, reeded.
Size, 11}4 By Morgan.

1514. AR. Dime, 1879. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMER-
ICA. Head of Liberty similar to No. 1435; below,
1879. Rev. Within a wreath of wheat, corn and cot-
ton, a beaded circle inclosing one | dime; above, a
tablet with e pluribus unum. Edge, reeded. Size,

H/4

1515-16. AR. Dime, 1891. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AM ERICA. Head of Liberty similar to No. 754; be-
low, 1892. Rev. one | dime within a wreath of corn
and wheat. Size, 11 34 Pattern of 1892 Dime.

1517. AR. Half-disme, 1792. Obv. LIB. PAR. OF SCIENCE
& INDUSTRY. Bust of Liberty, with short, loose
hair, to left; below, 1792. Rev. UNI. STATES OF
AMERICA. Eagle flying; below, half | disme | *.
Edge, reeded. Size, 11.

1518. AE. Half-disme, 1794. Obv. LIBERTY. Bust of Lib-
erty with loose hair, to right; below, 1794. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle, with
wings displayed, head turned to right; below, half
disme. Size, 1034

1519. AR. Half-dime, 1870. Similar to No. 1510, but reading
half I dime | within wreath on reverse. Edge, reeded.
Size, 9%.

92 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1520. AR. Five-cents, 1871. Similar to No. 1404, but reading
5 | cents | within wreath on reverse. Edge, reeded.
Size, 9%.

1521. AE. Five-cents, 1866. Obv. Garnished shield of the
United States with an olive branch hanging from the
top and down each side; back of the base, two arrows,
crossed; above, in god we trust; below, 1866. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Numeral 5
within olive wreath. Size, 13.

1522. N. Five-cents, 1866. Similar to No. 1521.

1523. AE. Five-cents, 1866. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Head of Lincoln to right; below, 1866.
Rev. 5 | cents | within a wreath; above, in god we
trust. Size, 13.

1524. AE. Five-cents, 1867. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Head of Liberty to left, with long
feathers in hair, four stars on forehead; from the top
of head to the shoulder falls a ribbon inscribed union
& liberty; below, 1867. Beneath the head, long-
acre f. Rev. A large Roman numeral V on garnished
shield of the United States; above, in god we trust.
Size, 13^.

1525-6. AL. Five-cents, 1867. Similar to No. 1524.

1527. N. Five-cents, 1867. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Head of Liberty to left, with diadem
adorned with a star and inscribed liberty; below,
1867. Rev. 5 | cents | within an olive wreath; above,
in god we trust. Size, 13.

1528. N. Five-cents, 1868. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Head of Liberty, to left, with beaded
diadem inscribed liberty; below, 1868. Rev. 5
| cents | within an olive wreath; above, in god we
trust; wide, plain border, milled on. Size, 15. By
Longacre.

1529. N. Five-cents, 1868. Legends and types similar to
No. 1528. Size, 13J^. By Longacre.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 93

1530. AR-N-AE. Five-cents, (?) 1869. Obv. UNITED

STATES OF AMERICA. Liberty seated, as No.
1398. Rev. SIL. | NIC. | COP. In exergue, 1869.

1531. N. Five-cents, 1871. Obv. UNITED STATES OF

AMERICA. Head of Liberty to left, with diadem
inscribed liberty; below, 1871. Rev. V | cents |
within a laurel wreath. Size, 14. By Longacre.

1532. AE. Five-cents, 1871. Similar to No. 1531. Size, 14.

1533. AE. Five-cents, 1871. Similar to No. 1531, but read-
ing 5 | cents. Size, 13.

1534. N. Five-cents, 1881. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Head to left, with diadem inscribed
liberty; cotton and wheat in hair; below, 1881.
Rev. Roman numeral V within wreath of corn,
wheat, and cotton. Size, 14. By C. E. Barber.

1535. N. Five-cents, 1881. Similar to No. 1534, but with
in god we trust above wreath on reverse.

1536-7. N. Five-cents, 1882. Similar to No. 1534, but with
e pluribus unum above wreath on reverse. By C.
E. Barber.

1538. N. Five-cents, 1882. Obv. Head of Liberty as on
No. 1534, with thirteen stars around border and 1882
beneath the head. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Roman numeral V in wreath as on
No. 1534, but smaller; below, e pluribus unum.
By C. E. Barber.

1539. N. Five-cents, 1882. Similar to No. 1534, but with E
PLURIBUS UNUM above wreath, on reverse.

1540. N. Five-cents, 1882. Same head as No. 1534; around,

★ ★★★★★★ IN GOD WE TRUST ******
and 1882. Rev. Similar to No. 1538.

1541. N. Five-cents, 1883. Same head as on No. 1534, but
with plain diadem; around, *★★*★★ LIBERTY

★ ★★★★★★; below, 1883. Rev. Similar to No.
1538. By C. E. Barber.

94 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1542. N. Five-cents, 1883. Obv. Head of Liberty to left,
with diadem inscribed LIBERTY; around, thirteen
stars; beneath, 1883. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Within a wreath of corn, wheat, and
cotton. Roman numeral V; below, CENTS; above
wreath, e pltjribus unum.

1543-4. N. Five-cents, 1883. Similar to No. 1538, but with
cents on scroll across the V, on reverse. By C. E.
Barber.

1545. N. Five-cents, 1883. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Head of Liberty as on No. 1534. Rev.
Within a wreath of corn and cotton, 75 N. | 25 C.;
above, FIVE; below, CENTS; seven stars to left and
six to right. Size, 14.

1546-7. N. Five-cents, 1884. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Thirteen stars around a central octag-
onal hole; below, 1884.. Rev. FIVE above, and
CENTS below the central hole; at each side, U. S.
shield.

1548-9. N. Five-cents, 1896. Obv. Spade-shape shield of
United States on two staffs in saltire, the one sur-
mounted by liberty cap, the other by an eagle; across
the shield, a scroll inscribed liberty; around ★★★
★★★★ E PLURI BUS UNUM ★★★★★★ 1896.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within a
wreath of olive, 5 | cents. Unmilled and with pellets
around border. By C. E. Barber.

214. N. Five cents, 1906. Similar to No. 1548, but of pure

nickel.

215. N. Five cents, 1909. Obv. Similar to No. 1548, but on

margin only the thirteen stars. Rev. As No. 1548,
but beneath the wreath, e pluribus unum. By
Morgan.

216. N. Five cents, 1909. Obv. Bust of Washington, in citi-

zen’s clothes, to left; to right, on margin, LIBERTY ;
in field, to left, 1909. Rev. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA |e pluribus unum. Between two olive
branches, large 5 and cents across the field.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 95

217. N. Five cents, 1909. Obv. The same as No. 216. Rev.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within wreath
of a single olive branch, 5 | cents; below, e pluribus

UNUM.

218. N. Five cents, 1909. Obv. ★★★★★★★ LIBERTY.

★★★★★★ Bust of Washington to right; below,
1909. Rev. Similar to No. 217.

219. N. Five cents, 1909. Similar to No. 218, but on ob-

verse, around, ★★★★★★★★★★★★★LIBERTY.

220. N. Five cents, 1909. Similar to No. 218, but on obverse,

around, L**I**B*— *E**R**T**Y*.

221. N. Five cents, 1910. Obv. LIBERTY — 1810. Bust of

Washington to left. Older than bust of No. 216.
Rev. Similar to No. 216, but with in god we trust
added beneath olive branches.

222. N. Five cents, 1913. This pattern differs from the

regular 1913 issue only in the treatment of the border.

223. N. Five cents, 1913. Similar to No. 222, but size 14.

1550. AR. Three-cents, 1849. Obv. Similar to No. 1399, the
type of Liberty seated. Rev. Numeral 3. Size, 9j^.
By Gobrecht.

1551. AR. Three-cents, 1849. Obv. As last. Rev. Roman
numeral III. Size, 9T£.

1552. AR. Three-cents, 1850. Obv. Liberty cap, with band
inscribed liberty, in a glory; below, 1850. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Roman numeral
1 1 1 within a palm wreath.

1553. AE. Three-cents, 1863. Obv. Head of Liberty to left,
with a diadem inscribed liberty; around, ★ ★★★★
★★★★★★★★; below, 1863. Rev. UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. Within an olive wreath,
3 |cents. Edge, plain. Size, 17.

763°— 28 7

96 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1554. N. Three-cents, 1868. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. Head of Liberty to left, with beaded
diadem inscribed liberty; below, 1868. Rev. Roman
numeral 1 1 1 within a wreath of corn, wheat, and
cotton. Size, 12. By Longacre.

1555-6. N. Three-cents, 1881. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AM ERICA. Head of Liberty to left, with diadem in-
scribed liberty; cotton and wheat in hair; below,
1881. Rev. Roman numeral III within a wreath of
corn, wheat, and cotton. Size, 12. By C. E. Barber.

1557. AE. Two-cents, 1836. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. An eagle, with wings displayed, stand-
ing to left, the head turned to right; below, 1836.
Rev. two | cents | within an olive wreath. Edge,
reeded.

1558. AE. Two-cents, 1863. Obv. GOD AND OUR COUN-
TRY. Bust of Washington to right; below, 1863.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within a
wheat wreath, 2 | cents. Size, 14.

1559. AE. Two-cents, 1863. Obv. A shield of the U. S. on
two arrows in saltire; above, on a scroll, in god-we-
trust; two olive branches hang from top of shield,
down sides; below, 1863. Rev. Similar to No. 1558.

1560. AE. Cent, 1792. Obv. LIBERTY PARENT OF SCI-

ENCE AND INDUSTRY^. Bust of Liberty to
right; on truncation, birch; below, 1792. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within a
wreath, one | cent; beneath the wreath, Elec-

trotype. Size, 21. By Birch.

1561. AE. Cent, 1792. Obv. LIBERTY. Bust of Liberty to
right, with hair knotted at back of head; below, 1792.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. An eagle,
with wings displayed, standing upon segment of a
globe. Edge, reeded. Size, 19.

1562. AE. Cent, 1850. Obv. U. S. A. and ONE TENTH

SILVER round a central hole; Rev. Above hole, cent;
below, 1850; at each side, rosette. Size, 11.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 97

1563. N. Cent, 1853. Obv. Around, ★★★★★★★***
★ ★★ Head of Liberty to left, with diadem in-
scribed liberty; below, 1853. Rev. one | cent |
within an olive wreath. Size, 11.

1564. AE. Cent, 1854. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
diadem inscribed liberty; the hair in knot at back of
head and tied with rope of pearls; below, 1854.
Rev. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within a
wreath of single olive branch, one | cent. Edge,
plain. Size, 16.

1565. AE. Cent, 1854. Obv. Around, thirteen stars; an eagle,
flying to left; below, 1854. Rev. Similar to No. 1564.
Size, 16.

%

1566—9. AE. Cents, 1855. Similar to No. 1565, except date.

1570. N. Cent, 1856. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMER-
ICA. An eagle, flying to left; below, 1856. Rev.
Within a wreath of corn and cotton, one | cent.
Beaded borders. Size, 12.

1571. AE. Cent, 1858. Obv. As No. 1570. Rev. Within an
oak wreath, one | cent; between ends of branches of
the wreath, small shield of U. S. Size, 12.

1572. AE. Cent, 1858. Obv. An eagle, flying to left, the left
wing full spread upward; below, 1858. Rev. Similar
to No. 1570. Size, 12.

1573. N. Cent, 1858. Similar to No. 1570, except date.

1574. N. Cent, 1858. Obv. Similar to No. 1572. Rev. Within
an olive wreath, one | cent. Size, 12.

1575. N. Cent, 1858. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
An Indian head to left; below, 1858. Rev. Similar
to No. 1571.

1576. N. Cent, 1858. Obv. Similar to No. 1575. Rev. one |
cent | within a wreath of corn and cotton.

1577. N. Cent, 1858. Obv. Similar to No. 1575. Rev. one |
cent | within an oak wreath.

1578. N. Cent, 1858. Obv. Similar to No. 1575. Rev. one |
cent | within an olive wreath.

98 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1579. AE. Cent, 1859. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMER-

ICA. An Indian head to left; below, 1859. Rev.
one | cent | within an oak wreath, with three arrows
inserted under the ribbon that binds the branches of
the wreath, and with a shield of U. S. between the ends
of the branches at top. Size, 12.

1580. AE. Cent, 1860. Similar to 1579, except date.

1581. AE. Cent, 1863. Similar to No. 1579, but much
thinner.

1582. AE. Cent, 1864. Similar to No. 1246, but thinner and
also of a different composition of bronze than the first
issue of the year.

1583—4. N. Cent, 1881, Types similar to No. 1555, but with
Roman numeral I within the wreath on reverse. Size,
10.

1585-6. AE. Cent, 1896. Types similar to No. 1548, but
reading l | cent within the wreath on reverse. Size, 12.

PRIVATE GOLD COINS ISSUED BY BANKS,
MINING COMPANIES, AND ASSAYERS

Templeton Reid, Lumpkin County, Georgia

1587. 10 Dollars, undated. Obv. TEMPLETON REI D- AS-
SAY ER; in the field, ten | dollars. Rev. GEOR-
GIA | GOLD, within a circle of stars. Size, 21; wt.,
251 grs.

1588. 5 dollars, 1830. Obv. TEMPLETON REID - AS-
SAYER; in the field, $.5. Rev. GEORGIA GOLD;
in the field, $.5.; below, 1830. Size, 15; wt., 123.3
grs.

1589. 234 Dollars, 1830. Obv. T. REID, ASSAYER; in the
field, 2.50. Rev. GEORGIA GOLD; in the field,
1830. Size, 10^; wt., 60 grs.

Christopher Bechtler, Rutherjordton, North Carolina

1590. 5 Dollars, 1834. Obv. C. BECHTLER AT RUTH-
ERF*; in the field, 5| dollars. Rev. CAROLINA
GOLD; in the field, august 1. 1834 1 140 |g. |20 |car-
ats |. Size 153^; wt., 137.5 grs.

1591. 5 Dollars, 1834. Similar to No. 1590. Size, 153^;
wt., 138.5 grs.

1592. 5 Dollars, undated. Obv. C. BECHTLER. ASSAYER*,
and forming an inner circle, rutherford county.
Rev. NORTH CAROLINA GOLD*; in field, 5 | dol-
lars |20 CARATS 1 150. G. |in four curved lines. Size,
16; wt., 135.2 grs.

1593. 5 Dollars, undated. Obv. Similar to No. 1590. Rev.
CAROLINA GOLD; in the field, 134 g. | * | 21 car-
ats. Size, 153^; wt., 135.2 grs.

1594. 5 Dollars, undated. Obv. C. BECHTLER. AT RU 1 H-
ERFORD*; in the field, 5 | dollars (curved line).
Rev. GEORGIA GOLD; in the field, 128. g. | *;
below/ 22 carats. Size, 153^; wt., 135.2 grs.

99

100 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1595. 23^ Dollars, undated. Obv. BECHTLER RUTHERF.
In the field, 2.50. Rev. CAROLINA GOLD. In
field 70. g 1 20 |carats. Size, 10J^ wt., 68.8 grs.

1596. 2% Dollars, undated. Obv. Similar to No. 1595. Rev.
GEORGIA GOLD; in the field, 64. g. | 22. | carats.
Size, 10 +; wt., 63.7 grs.

1597. 2 Yi Dollars, undated. Similar to No. 1596. Size,
10+ ; wt., 63 grs.

1598. Dollar, undated. Obv. C. BECHTLER. RUTHERF.
In the field, 30. g./^. Rev. CAROLINA GOLD.; in
the field, ONE; below, DOLLAR. Size, 10 +; wt.,
29.8 grs.

1599. Dollar, undated. Obv. BECHTLER RUTHERF

in the field, 28 :g: Rev. CAROLINA; in field, ONE
(with the letter N inverted); below, DOLLAR.^
Size, 10; wt., 34.5 grs.

Augustus Bechtler, Rutherfordton, North Carolina

1600. Dollar, undated. Obv. A. BECHTLER.; in the field,
l dol:^. Rev. CAROLINA GOLD.; in the field,
27. g. | 21. c., in two lines. Size, 10J^; wt., 27 grs.

1601. Dollar, undated. Similar to No. 1600. Size, 10^;
wt., 21.7 grs.

Baldwin and Company, San Francisco, California

1602. 10 Dollars, 1850. Obv. CALIFORNIA GOLD. A

cowboy, mounted, to right, casting lasso; below, 1850,
and TEN DOLLARS. Beneath the horse, on ground,
Gardner, the engraver. Rev. BALDWIN & CO.
An eagle, with expanded wings, a shield on breast,
grasping olive branch in right4 and three arrows in
left talon; below, ★★★★★ SAN FRANCISCO
★★★★★• Size, 17 + ; wt., 263.8 grs.

1603. 5 Dollars, 1850. Obv. Bust of Liberty, to left, with
diadem inscribed Baldwin & co.; around, thirteen
stars, and the date beneath the bust. Rev. S. M. V.
CALIFORNIA GOLD. Eagle as No. 1602; below,
FIVE DOL. Size, 14; wt., 132.5 grs.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 101

Cincinnati Mining and Trading # Company , San Francisco

California

1604. 10 Dollars, 1849. Obv. CINCINNATI MINING &
TRADING COMPANY. Draped bust of an Indian
chief, with feather crown, to left. Rev. CALIFORNIA
TEN DOLLARS. An eagle, flying to left, carrying
in talons shield of U. S. and branch of olive; below,
1849. Edge, reeded. Size, 18; wt., 258.3 grs.

1605. 5 Dollars, 1849. Similar to No. 1604, but with FIVE
DOLLARS in legend on the reverse. Size, 15; wt.,
132.5 grs.

Augustus Humbert, assay er, San Francisco, California

1606. 50 Dollars, 1851. Octagonal. Obv. U N ITED STATES
OF AMERICA. An eagle standing upon a rock,
grasping a shield and three arrows in talons of right-
foot, three arrows in the left; in beak, a scroll inscribed
liberty; above, 887 thous. ; below, FIFTY DOLLS.,
the whole within a circle; without the circle, Augus-
tus - HUMBERT - UNITED - STATES - ASSAYER - OF

gold - California - 1851, on the eight sides of the
piece. Rev. Concentric circles, within engine turning.
Edge, reeded. Size, 26, 28; wt., 1,310 grs.

1607. 50 Dollars, 1851. Octagonal. Obv. Type similar to
No. 1606, but with 880 thous., and mark of value, 50
DC.; border beaded. Rev. Engine turned rays. Edge,

AUGUSTUS HUMBERT UNITED STATES ASSA'l ER

California — of gold — 1851 on the eight sides. Size,
26, 28; wt., 1,320 grs.

1608. 10 Dollars, 1852. Obv. UNITED STATES OF AMER-
ICA. Eagle as on No. 1606; above the eagle, 884
thous.; below, TEN DOLS. Rev. On a tablet, across
the field, Augustus Humbert | united states assayer
| of gold California | 1852; above and below, engine-
turning. Size, 17 }/2‘, wt., 263 grs.

102 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

Kellogg and Company, San Francisco, California

1609. 20 Dollars, 1854. Obv. Head of Liberty, similar to that
on the regular issue of the Double-eagle of that date;
on the diadem, Kellogg & co.; around, thirteen stars,
and the date beneath the head. Rev. SAN FRAN-
CISCO CALIFORNIA. An eagle similar to that on
the Double-eagle, No. 533, but the motto omitted from
the scroll; below, TWENTY D. Edge, reeded. Size
22; wt., 515.7 grs.

Massachusetts and California Mining Company

1610. 5 Dollars, undated. Obv. Arms: Shield, bearing mounted
cow boy, supported by stag and bear; beneath, a scroll
inscribed alta; around, thirteen stars. Rev. MAS-
SACHUSETTS 5c CALIFORNIA CO. The value,
FIVE I D., within a wreath. Size, 14; wt., 115.2 grs.

Miners 1 Banlc, San Francisco, California

1611. 10 Dollars, undated. Obv. CALIFORNIA. Eagle simi-
lar to No. 1602; below, thirteen stars. Rev. M I N ERS’.
BANK. ^ SAN FRANCISCO In the field, ten d.
Edge, reeded. Size, 13; wt., 213.2 grs.

Moffat and Company , San Francisco , California

1612. 20 Dollars, 1853. Obv. Head of Liberty, as No. 1609,
with diadem inscribed moffat & co.; below, 1853.
Rev. Similar to 1609. Size, 21^, wt., 516 grs.’

1613. 20 Dollars, 1853. Similar to No. 1612. Size, 2114'
wt., 516 grs.

1614. 16-dollar bar, undated. Obv. moffat & co. 1 20^ carat |

$16.00 in three lines. Rev. Plain. Size, 9 by 22- wt
444 grs.

1615. Bar of $9.45 value, undated. Obv. moffat &• co. | 21 A

carat $9.45. Rev. 10 Dwt. 6 Grs. Size, 9 by 19 14*
wt., 245.2 grs.

1616. 10 Dollars, 1849. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, as on
Eagle of U. S. of same date; on diadem, moffat & co.
Rev. Similar to No. 1602, with TEN D. beneath the
Eagle. Edge, reeded. Size, 17; wt., 129.2 grs.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 103

1617. 5 Dollars, 1850. Legends and types similar to No.
1616 but with FIVE DOL. beneath the eagle, on re-
verse. Size, 14; wt., 129.2 grs.

Norris , Grieg and Norris, San Francisco, California

1618. 5 Dollars, 1849. Obv. CALIFORNIA GOLD. An
eagle bearing on breast a shield, on which is mark of
value, 5; below, WITHOUT ALLOY. Rev. Within
a circle of stars, 1849, and above the date, n. g. & n.;
beneath, san francisco; above the circle of stars,
FULL WEIGHT. OF; below, . HALF EAGLE. Size,
14; wt., 130.2 grs. Plain edge.

1619. 5 Dollars, 1849. Similar to No. 1618. Size, 14; wt.,
129.5 grs. Reeded edge.

J . S. Ormsby, Sacramento, California

1620. 10 Dollars, undated. Obv. UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA — CAL. In the field, j. s. o. Rev. 10 |
dolls, in two lines, within a circle of stars. Plain
edge. Size, 18; wt., 257.5 grs.

Pacific Mining Company, San Francisco, California

1621. 10 Dollars, 1849. Obv. PACIFIC COMPANY CALI-
FORNIA. An eagle volant, with olive branch and
hammer in talons; below, 1849. Rev. Liberty pole
surmounted by the cap encircled by rays with stars
between the rays; below, 10 DOLLARS. Size, 18;
wt., 228.5 grs.

1622. 5 Dollars, 1849. Similar to No. 1621, but with
5 DOLLARS on the reverse. Size, 14J^; wt., 129.3
grs.

Templeton Reid, San Francisco, California

1623. 10 Dollars, 1849. Obv. ★ TEMPLETON REID,
above the date, 1849, and ASSAYER below. Rev.
CALIFORNIA * GOLD *. In field, ten | dol-
lars. Size, 18; wt., 260.5 grs.

104 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES
United States assay office, San Francisco, California

1624. 20 Dollars, 1853. Obv. UNITED STATES OP
AMERICA. An eagle, as on No. 1606; above, 900
thous.; below, TWENTY D. Rev. united states

ASSAY I OFFICE OF GOLD | SAN FRANCISCO | CALIFOR-
NIA. 1853, on a tablet across the field, with engine
turning above and below. Size, 21^; wt., 516 grs.

1625. 20 Dollars, 1853. Similar to No. 1624, blit indicated
fineness, 884 thous. Size, 21}^; wt., 523.7 grs.

Wass, Molitor & Co., San Francisco, California

1626. 50 Dollars, 1855. Obv. Diademed head of Liberty to
left ^ around, thirteen stars; below, 1855. Rev. SAN
FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA; within a wreath, 50 |
dollars; above, on a ribbon, 900 thous.; below the
wreath, WASS MOLITOR &. CO. Edge, reeded.
Size, 26; wt., 1,287.5 grs.; round.

1627. 10 Dollars, 1852. Obv. Head of Liberty, diademed, to
left; on diadem, w. m. & co. Rev. S. M. V. CALI-
FORNIA GOLD. An eagle as on No. 1611, the
Eagle of same date; below, TEN. D. Size, 17; wt.,
262.7 grs.

The following pieces, chiefly Half-dollars and Quarter -
dollars in gold, cannot be attributed to particular firms or
persons, but were evidently produced in California, or, at
least, were intended for distribution in California. It is
doubtful if they were seriously intended as a part of the
extensive necessity coinage of the West. They have served
chiefly as souvenirs.

1628. One dollar, 1855. Obv. Head of Liberty, with diadem,
to left; around, thirteen stars. Rev. CALIFORNIA
GOLD N. R. Within a wreath, 1 | dollar | 1855.
Octagonal. Size, 73^; wt., 13 3^ grs.

1629. 1/2 Dollar, 1852. Obv. Similar to No. 1628. Rev.
HALF DOL. CALI FORN I A GOLD. The date within
a wreath. Size, 7; wt., 11 grs.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 105

1630. 1/2 Dollar, 1853. Obv. Similar to No. 1628, with eleven
stars around the head, and D beneath. Rev. CALI-
FORNIA GOLD HALF D. Date within a wreath.
Size, 7; wt., 9 grs.

1631. 1/2 Dollar, 1859. Obv. Similar to No. 1630. Rev.
y2 | dollar | 1859, within a wreath; octagonal. Size,
6H; wt., 7.5 grs.

1632-3. 1/2 Dollar, 1880. Obv. Indian head to left; around,
thirteen stars. Rev. x/2 | cal. gold | within a
wreath. Size, 7 y2\ wt., 4}^ grs.; octagonal.

1634. 1/4 Dollar, 1854. Obv. Indian head to left, with six-
teen stars around. Rev. California gold-1854, within
a wreath and plain .circle; octagonal. Size, 6; wt.,

3.8 grs.

1635. 1/4 Dollar, 1854. Obv. Liberty head, to left, dia-
demed; four stars around. Rev. y | dollar | 1854,
within a circle of dots; octagonal. Size, 6; wt., 3.8 grs.

1636. 1/4 Dollar, 1855. Similar to No. 1635.

1637. 1/4 Dollar, 1859. Obv. Liberty head to left, dia-
demed; six stars around. Rev. y | dollar | 1859,
within a laurel wreath. Octagonal. Size, 6; wt.,

3.8 grs.

1638. 1/4 Dollar, 1859. Obv. Liberty head, to left, dia-
demed; ten stars around. Rev. y \ dollar | 1859,
within a wreath of laurel. Round. Size, 6; wt.,

3.8 grs.

1639. 1/4 Dollar, 1880. Obv. Indian head to left, with thir-
teen stars around; date below. Rev. y | dollar
cal. within wreath of laurel. Octagonal. Size, 6;

wt., 3.8 grs.

* « *

The Oregon Exchange Company, Oregon City, Oregon

1640. 10 Dollars, 1849. Obv. OREGON EXCHANGE COM-
PANY. In the field, 10.D.20.G. | native | gold | ten
d. in four lines. Rev. A beaver; above, K. M. T. R.
C. S. and seven stars; below, O. T. | 1849 in two lines,
between branches. Size, 17; wt., 262 grs.

106 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

1641. 5 Dollars, 1849. Obv. Similar to No. 1640, but the
inscription reading, 130 g. | native | gold | 5 d. Bev.
A beaver; above, K. M. T. A. W. R. C. S.; below, T. 0.
and date between laurel branches. Size, 14; wt.,
129.5 grs.

Clark , Gruber & Company, Denver, Colorado

1642. 20 Dollars, 1860. Obv. PIKES . PEAK GOLD.
Pike’s Peak, with Denver beneath, and below,
TWENTY D. Bev. CLARK GRUBER & CO. An
eagle, with shield on breast, olive branch and arrows
in talons; below, 1860. Edge, reeded. Size, 21 y2)
wt., 568 grs.

1643. 10 Dollars, 1860. Types similar to No. 1642, except
the mark of value. Size, 17 wt., 275.7 grs.

1644. 10 Dollars, 1861. Obv. Bust of Liberty to left, with a
diadem inscribed pikes peak; around, thirteen stars;
beneath bust, 1861. Bev. CLARK GRUBER &
COMPANY, DENVER. A spread-eagle, with shield
on breast, olive branch and arrows in talons; below,
★TEN D.^- Size, 17; wt., 295.7 grs.

1645. 5 Dollars, 1860. Obv. Head of Liberty to left, with
diadem inscribed clark & co. Bev. PIKES - PEAK
GOLD - DENVER. An eagle with wings displayed;
below, FIVE D.; around, thirteen stars; below, 1860.
Edge, reeded. Size, 14; wt., 138.8 grs.

1646. 2 1/2 Dollars, 1861. Types similar to No. 1644, except
for the mark of value, which is 2^ D. and reading, on
the reverse, CLARK - GRUBER & CO - DENVER.
Size, IIJ/2; wt., 74 grs.

J. J . Conway, Denver, Colorado

1647. 10 Dollars, undated. Obv. J. J. CONWAY; within a
circle, & CO; below, BANKERS. Bev. Within a
circle of stars, 10; above, PIKES PEAK; below, TEN
DOLLARS. Edge, plain. Size, 17; wt., 260 grs.

1648. 5 Dollars, undated. Obv. J. J. CONWAY; within a
circle of stars, & co; below, BANKERS. Bev. In
center of field, 5; above, PIKES PEAK; below, FIVE
DOLLARS. Size, 14; wt., 120.8 grs.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 101

1649. 2 1/2 Dollars, undated. Obv. Similar to No. 1648, but
without circle of any sort. Rev. In center of field,
2^; above, PIKES PEAK; below, DOLL’S. Size,

11; wt., 68.5 grs.

John Parson and Company , TarryaU Mines, Colorado

1650. 5 Dollars, undated. Obv. PIKES PEAK GOLD. An
eagle; below, FIVE D. Rev. JNO. PARSON 8c CO.
A quartz mill; below, ORO. Size, 14; wt. 128.3 grs.

1651. Dollars, undated. Types similar to No. 1650, but
reading, on obverse, J. PARSON etc., and on reverse,
2 H D. Size, 11 wt., 73.5 grs.

Coinage oj the Mormons, Salt Lake City, Utah

1652. 20 Dollars, 1849. Obv. HOLI N ESS.TO.TH E.LORD.
An eye beneath a miter. Rev. G.S.L.C.P.G. Two
clasped hands, and the date beneath them; below,
TWENTY DOLLARS. Edge, plain. Size, 19; wt.,

444.5 grs.

1653. 10 Dollars, 1849. Obv. Similar to No. 1652. Rev.
Two hands clasped and 1849 beneath; above, PURE
GOLD; below, TEN DOLLARS. Edge, plain. Size,
17; wt., 221.5 grs.

1654. 5 Dollars, 1849. Similar to No. 1652, but with the
value, FIVE DOLLARS, on reverse. Edge, plain,
Size, 14; wt., 113.5 grs.

1655. 5 Dollars, 1850. Similar to No. 1652, but with a circle

of stars round the eye and miter; and FIVE DOLLARS

on the reverse. Size, 14; wt., Ill grs.

1656. 5 Dollars, 1860. Obv. “Holiness to the Lord," m
cipher; a lion, reclining to left; below, the date. Rev.
DESERET ASSAY OFFICE. PURE GOLD. An
eagle with beehive on breast; below, 5 D. Edge,
reeded.

1657. 2 Yi Dollars, 1849. Similar to No. 1652, but reading
TWO AND HALF DO. on reverse. Size, 12; wt.,

56.5 grs.

108 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

The following pieces are Cent tokens, and are of the
size of the copper cent issued at the time they were pro-
duced that is, size 18. The metal of them is copper
except in the single instance where the indication of
the metal is given.

1658. 1834. Obv. A PLAIN SYSTEM. VOID OF POMP.
President Jackson, standing to left, with large purse
in left hand and sword in right. Rev. THE CONSTI-
TUTION AS I UNDERSTAND IT. A balking mule,
labeled ll.d.; above, roman | firmness; below, 1834.

1659. 1834. Obv. MY SUBSTITUTE * FOR THE U. S.
BAN K^. Facing bust of President Jackson, with my
on breast, and below experiment | my | currency
my I glory. Rev. PERISH CREDIT. PERISH
COMMERCE. A boar, running to left, with my |
third heat written on his side; above, my | victory;
below, down with the | bank, and date beneath.

1660. 1837. Obv. SUBSTITUTE FOR SHIN PLASTERS.
A phoenix; below, NOVR| 1837. Rev. SPECIE PAY-
MENTS SUSPENDED; within an oak wreath, may |
tenth | 1837.

1661. 1837. Obv. As No. 1660. Rev. MILLIONS FOR
DEFENCE; within an olive wreath, not | one |

CENT | | FOR TRIBUTE.

1662. Obv . I TAKE THE * RESPONSIBILITY *. Jack-
son, standing in an iron-bound chest, with purse in left
and sword in right hand; below, h (engraver’s signa-
ture). Rev. THE CONSTITUTION . AS I UNDER-
STAND IT. An ass standing to left, labeled ll.d.;
above, roman | firmness; below, veto.

1663. 1837. Obv. EXECUTIVE . EXPERIMENT . Tor-
toise, with a safe marked SUB | TREASURY, on its
back; below, 1837 | fiscal agent. Rev. An ass run-
ning to left; above, i follow | in the (below) steps |
of my | (around) illustrious predecessor.

1664. 1837. Obv. As No. 1662. Rev. VAN BUREN ME-
TALLIC CURRENCY. A ship marked experiment
wrecked on rocks.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 109

1665. 1837. Obv. Laureated female bust to left; around,
+ + + + + + + e pluribus unum (on a scroll above)
★ ★★★★★. Rev. MILLIONS FOR DEFENCE,
and within an olive wreath, not | one | cent | -

FOR TRIBUTE.

1666 1837. Obv. Similar to No. 1665, tho from a different
die. Rev. MILLIONS FOR DEFENCE, and within
a circle of stars, not | one cent | for | tribute | I-

1667. 1837. Obv. Similar to No. 1665. Rev. BENTON IAN
CURRENCY. 1837. Within an olive wreath, mint |

DROP.

1668. 1838. Obv. “Idiotic” female head to left, with dia-
dem inscribed, loco foco; around, eleven stars, with
date below the head. Rev. BENTON EXPERI-
MENT; within an olive wreath, mint | drop.

1669. 1838. Obv. ★ AM l NOT A WOMAN & A SISTER.
A slave woman, in chains, kneeling to right. Rev.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Within olive
wreath, liberty j 1838.

1670. 1841. Obv. WEBSTER CREDIT CURRENCY.. A
ship with jib sail set, labeled constitution, sailing
right. Rev. Similar to No. 1664.

1671. 1841. Obv. Similar to No. 1670, without jib sail. Rev.
Ship, labeled experiment, wrecked on rocks, struck
by lightning and mast broken.

1672. 1841. Obv. Bust similar to No. 1665, but smaller head
and other differences of details; above, scroll inscribed,
e pluribus unum, and branches of rosebush on border.
Rev. Similar to No. 1665.

1673. 1841. Obv. Similar to No. 1672. Rev. SPECIE PAY-

MENTS SUSPENDED, and within a heavy oak
wreath, may | tenth | 1837.

1674. 1841. Obv. Similar to No. 1670. Rev. Similar to No.
1666.

110 CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES

CONNECTICUT

WATERBURY

1675. Scoville, 1837. Obv. j. m. l. & w. h. scovill, water-
bury, con. A phoenix, with the date below. Rev.
GILT BUTTONS OF EVERY description. In field, in
four lines, sheet brass | plated metal | & | gold

PLATE.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

DOVER

9

1676. Smith, with Haselton & Palmer, 1837. Obv. a. c.

SMITH | DEALER | IN | CROCKERY, GLASS | CHINA &
BRITTANNIA | WARE ETC. DOVER. N. H. 1837. Rev.
HASELTON AND PALMER (in field) DEALER | IN | DRY
GOODS ETC. ★ ★★ DOVER N. H.

PORTSMOUTH

1677. March, with Simes & Co. Obv. nathl. march. | book-
seller & | STATIONER | NO. 7 EXCHANGE | BUILDINGS |
PORTSMOUTH | N. H. Rev. WILLIAM SIMES & CO. | DEAL-
ERS IN | TEAS, WINES, & GROCERIES ETC. ★ ★ ★
PORTSMOUTH | N. H.

1678. Sise & Co., 1837. Obv. E. F. SISE & CO. | GENERAL |
COMMISSION, | AND FORWARDING ] MERCHANTS | PORTS-
MOUTH | N. H. Rev. IMPORTERS OF CROCKERY ETC.
1837.

NEW YORK

NEW YORK CITY

1679. Anderson, 1837. Obv. henry anderson, Chatham
square, n. york. A boot; below, on border, mam-
moth BOOT. Rev. HENRY ANDERSON - CHEAP BOOT
store; in field, business address and date.

1680. Central Market, 1837. Obv. Female head, to left,
with laurel wreath; above, a scroll inscribed, e pluri-
bus unum; seven stars to left on border, and six
to right. Rev. central market accommodation.
Market house; below, 14th ward | n. york.

1681. Crossman, 1837. Obv. An eagle, with the date be-
neath; around, thirteen stars. Rev. h. crossman
MANUFACTURER | NO. 92—1/2 | CHATHAM ST N. Y. An

umbrella.

CATALOGUE OF COINS OF THE

UNITED STATES 111

1682. Deveau’s, 1837. Obv . p. b. & s. deveau’s 156 Chatham
square, n. YORK. Female head, with laurel wreath,
to left. Rev. wholesale & retail boot & shoe
store. A boot, and address repeated.

1683. Jarvis, 1837. Obv. Similar to No. 1680. Rev. george

A. JARVIS. WINE & TEA DEALER ; in field, 142 GRAND |
CORNER OF | ELM STREET | NEW YORK.

1684. Maycock, 1837. Obv. Similar to No. 1681. Rev. s.

MAYCOCK & CO. 35 CITY HALL PLACE; in field, EVER
POINTED | PENCIL CASE | MANUFACTURERS | SAML. MAY-
COCK | JOHN HAGUE.

1685. Merchants’ Exchange. Obv. merchants exchange n.
york. The exchange building. Rev. millions for
defence, and within an olive wreath, not | one |

CENT I FOR TRIBUTE.

1686. Phalon, 1837. Obv. phalon’s | new j & | splendid

STYLE I OF I HAIR CUTTING. ReV. NO. 35 BOWERY-NEW
york; scissors and comb.

1687. Smith, 1837. Obv. smiths | clock | establishment
no. 7J4 I BOWERY I NEW YORK | 1837. Rev. A clock
dial with time | is | money.

1688. White metal. Feuchtwanger Cent, 1837. Obv. Eagle
with serpent in claws. Rev. FEUCHTWANGERS ★
COMPOSITION within a laurel wreath, ONt

CENT. Size, 12.

763°— 28 8

CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA

There are seemingly well-authenticated records that the Confederate
States of America, after seizing the mint at New Orleans, made prepara-
tions for the coinage of money. Especially, a reverse die was made for
a Half-dollar with which it was proposed to use the obverse die of the
then current Half-dollar of the United States. The specimen here
described is a United States Half-dollar restruck with a restored die,
copied from one of the very few alleged genuine specimens of the
Confederate States Half-dollar.

1689. AR. Half dollar. Obv. Liberty, seated to right, the head
turned to left, holding liberty pole surmounted with
the cap in left hand, the right hand resting on shield
of the United States, across which falls a ribbon
inscribed liberty. Rev. CONFEDERATE STATES
OF AMERICA. A shield argent with seven pales
gules, a chief azure seven stars, four and three; sur-
mounted with liberty pole and cap; the whole within
a wreath of cotton and palm branches; below FIALF
DOL.

1690. AE. One cent token. This piece was of private origin.
Obv. CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA.
Head of Liberty to left, with liberty cap having six
stars on the band; below, the date, 1861. Rev. 1
CENT within a wreath of cane and cotton, and wheat,
springing from two sugar casks between which is a
bale of cotton. Size, 12.

112

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